{"product_id":"ambiguity-and-choice-in-public-nikolaos-zahariadis-9780878401352","title":"Ambiguity and Choice in Public Policy: Political Decision Making in Modern Democracies","description":"\u003cp\u003eZahariadis offers a theory that explains policymaking when \"ambiguity\" is present--a state in which there are many ways, often irreconcilable, of thinking about an issue. Expanding and extending John Kingdon's influential \"multiple streams\" model that explains agenda setting, Zahariadis argues that manipulation, the bending of ideas, process, and beliefs to get what you want out of the policy process, is the key to understanding the dynamics of policymaking in conditions of ambiguity. He takes one of the major theories of public policy to the next step in three different ways: he extends it to a different form of government (parliamentary democracies, where Kingdon looked only at what he called the United States's presidential \"organized anarchy\" form of government); he examines the entire policy formation process, not just agenda setting; and he applies it to foreign as well as domestic policy.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book combines theory with cases to illuminate policymaking in a variety of modern democracies. The cases cover economic policymaking in Britain, France, and Germany, foreign policymaking in Greece, all compared to the U.S. (where the model was first developed), and an innovative computer simulation of the policy process.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Nikolaos Zahariadis\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0878401350\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780878401352\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Georgetown University Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 07\/29\/2003\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 208\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.72lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.02h x 5.98w x 0.61d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eReview Citation(s): \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eReference and Research Bk News\u003c\/i\u003e 02\/01\/2004 pg. 76","brand":"Nikolaos Zahariadis","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47087485616383,"sku":"9780878401352","price":59.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_0a2cfa22-623b-4cdd-b4ef-ae6b9990b0af.jpg?v=1753850104","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/ambiguity-and-choice-in-public-nikolaos-zahariadis-9780878401352","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}