{"product_id":"american-catholic-schools-in-the-ann-marie-ryan-9781475866612","title":"American Catholic Schools in the Twentieth Century: Encounters with Public Education Policies, Practices, and Reforms","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis book examines how Catholic educators grappled with public educational policies and reforms like standardization and accreditation, educational measurement and testing, and federal funding for schools during the early to mid-twentieth century. These issues elicited an array of reactions including resistance, cooperation, and co-optation. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmerican Catholics had established one of the largest private educational organizations in the United States by the twentieth century. It rivaled only that of the public school system. At mid-century Catholic schools enrolled some 12 percent of the American school-age population and their enrollments grew in number through the 1960s. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Catholic Church's lobbying arm, the National Catholic Welfare Conference (NCWC), used its well-earned stature to push for federal funds for students attending their schools. The NCWC succeeded in securing funds with the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 for students needing special education services and students living in poverty attending Catholic schools. This signified a major shift in American education policy.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDespite this radical change, Catholic schools lost significant enrollment over the next several decades to public, private, and newly minted public charter schools. Catholic schools faced an increasingly competitive landscape in an ever-expanding school-choice environment that they helped create. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Ann Marie Ryan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1475866615\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781475866612\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield Publishers\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 03\/21\/2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 194\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.65lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.45d","brand":"Ann Marie Ryan","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":44053115142399,"sku":"9781475866612","price":30.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_50626063-2301-45fd-bf8f-2a42188d9e2a.jpg?v=1685022496","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/american-catholic-schools-in-the-ann-marie-ryan-9781475866612","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}