{"product_id":"an-artificial-history-of-natural-david-w-bates-9780226849140","title":"An Artificial History of Natural Intelligence: Thinking with Machines from Descartes to the Digital Age","description":"\u003cb\u003eA new history of human intelligence that argues that humans know themselves by knowing their machines.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e We imagine that we are both in control of and controlled by our bodies--autonomous and yet automatic. This entanglement, according to David W. Bates, emerged in the seventeenth century when humans first built and compared themselves with machines. Reading varied thinkers from Descartes to Kant to Turing, Bates reveals how time and time again technological developments offered new ways to imagine how the body's automaticity worked alongside the mind's autonomy. Tracing these evolving lines of thought, \u003ci\u003eAn Artificial History of Natural Intelligence\u003c\/i\u003e offers a new theorization of the human as a being that is dependent on technology and produces itself as an artificial automaton without a natural, outside origin.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e David W. Bates\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0226849147\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780226849140\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e University of Chicago Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 02\/25\/2026\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 408\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 1.19lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.90d","brand":"David W. Bates","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48241983750399,"sku":"9780226849140","price":32.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_68b59b26-db6b-47ee-afdf-1f4c57657a57.jpg?v=1772656931","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/an-artificial-history-of-natural-david-w-bates-9780226849140","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}