{"product_id":"bikos-ghost-shannen-l-hill-9780816676378","title":"Biko's Ghost: The Iconography of Black Consciousness","description":"\u003cp\u003e\"When you say, 'Black is Beautiful, ' what in fact you are saying . . . is: Man, you are okay as you are; begin to look upon yourself as a human being.\" With such statements, Stephen Biko became the voice of Black Consciousness. And with Biko's brutal death in the custody of the South African police, he became a martyr, an enduring symbol of the horrors of apartheid. Through the lens of visual culture, \u003ci\u003eBiko's Ghost\u003c\/i\u003e reveals how the man and the ideology he promoted have profoundly influenced liberation politics and race discourse--in South Africa and around the globe--ever since. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTracing the linked histories of Black Consciousness and its most famous proponent, \u003ci\u003eBiko's Ghost\u003c\/i\u003e explores the concepts of unity, ancestry, and action that lie at the heart of the ideology and the man. It challenges the dominant historical view of Black Consciousness as ineffectual or racially exclusive, suppressed on the one side by the apartheid regime and on the other by the African National Congress.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEngaging theories of trauma and representation, and icon and ideology, Shannen L. Hill considers the martyred Biko as an embattled icon, his image portrayals assuming different shapes and political meanings in different hands. So, too, does she illuminate how Black Consciousness worked behind the scenes throughout the 1980s, a decade of heightened popular unrest and state censorship. She shows how--in streams of imagery that continue to multiply nearly forty years on--Biko's visage and the ongoing life of Black Consciousness served as instruments through which artists could combat the abuses of apartheid and unsettle the \"rainbow nation\" that followed. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Shannen L. Hill\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0816676372\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780816676378\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e University of Minnesota Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 05\/21\/2015\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 392\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 1.30lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 8.00h x 6.00w x 1.00d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eReview Citation(s): \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChoice\u003c\/i\u003e 07\/01\/2016","brand":"Shannen L. Hill","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47135253430527,"sku":"9780816676378","price":29.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_f63944ea-2c94-4963-a752-84ea9daef334.jpg?v=1755009592","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/bikos-ghost-shannen-l-hill-9780816676378","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}