{"product_id":"black-baseball-entrepreneurs-1860-1901-michael-e-lomax-9780815607861","title":"Black Baseball Entrepreneurs, 1860-1901: Operating by Any Means Necessary","description":"\u003cp\u003eHere is the first in-depth account of the birth of black baseball and its dramatic passage from grass-roots venture to commercial enterprise. In the late nineteenth century resourceful black businessmen founded ball teams that became the Negro Leagues. Racial bias aside, they faced vast odds, from the need to court white sponsors to negotiating ball parks. With no blacks in cities, they barnstormed small towns to attract fans, employing all manner of gimmickry to rouse attention. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eDrawing on major newspapers and obscure African-American journals, the author explores the diverse forces that shaped minority baseball. He looks unflinchingly at prejudice in amateur and pro circles and constant inadequate press coverage. He assesses the impact of urbanization, migration, and the rise of northern ghettoes, and he applauds those bold innovators who forged black baseball into a parallel club that appealed to\u003cbr\u003ewhites yet nurtured a uniquely African American playing style. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThis was black baseball's finest hour: at once a source of great ethnic pride and a hard won pathway for integration into the mainstream.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Michael E. Lomax\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0815607865\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780815607861\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Syracuse University Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 04\/01\/2003\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 272\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.77lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 8.18h x 5.90w x 0.69d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eReview Citation(s): \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/i\u003e 05\/25\/2003 pg. 10\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBlack Issues Book Review\u003c\/i\u003e 07\/01\/2003 pg. 57","brand":"Michael E. Lomax","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":43992495423743,"sku":"9780815607861","price":19.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_3ba3b6d9-c4de-40ad-9d39-94f7a53aaef9.jpg?v=1683319251","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/black-baseball-entrepreneurs-1860-1901-michael-e-lomax-9780815607861","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}