{"product_id":"characterization-of-ice-for-return-to-flight-nasa-technical-reports-server-ntrs-9781289242060","title":"Characterization of Ice for Return-to-Flight of the Space Shuttle: Part 2; Soft Ice","description":"In support of characterizing ice debris for return-to-flight (RTF) of NASA's space shuttle, we have determined the microstructure, density and compressive strength (at -10 C at approximately 0.3 per second) of porous or soft ice that was produced from both atmospheric water and consolidated snow. The study showed that the atmospheric material was generally composed of a mixture of very fine (0.1 to 0.3 millimeters) and coarser (5 to 10 millimeter) grains, plus air bubbles distributed preferentially within the more finely-grained part of the microstructure. The snow ice was composed of even finer grains (approximately 0.05 millimeters) and contained more pores. Correspondingly, the snow ice was of lower density than the atmospheric ice and both materials were significantly less dense than hard ice. The atmospheric ice was stronger (approximately 3.8 MPa) than the snow ice (approximately 1.9 MPa), but weaker by a factor of 2 to 5 than pore-free hard ice deformed under the same conditions. Zero Values are given for Young's modulus, compressive strength and Poisson's ratio that can be used for modeling soft ice from the external tank.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1289242062\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781289242060\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Bibliogov\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 07\/23\/2013\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 90\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.39lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.69h x 7.44w x 0.19d","brand":"Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47611431387391,"sku":"9781289242060","price":18.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_8f80b64e-0587-49f3-92fb-31a13f9890ad.jpg?v=1764513835","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/characterization-of-ice-for-return-to-flight-nasa-technical-reports-server-ntrs-9781289242060","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}