{"product_id":"computing-with-words-lotfi-a-zadeh-9783642274725","title":"Computing with Words: Principal Concepts and Ideas","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn essence, Computing with Words (CWW) is a system of computation in which the objects of computation are predominantly words, phrases and propositions drawn from a natural language. CWW is based on fuzzy logic. In science there is a deep-seated tradition of according much more respect to numbers than to words. In a fundamental way, CWW is a challenge to this tradition. What is not widely recognized is that, today, words are used in place of numbers in a wide variety of applications ranging from digital cameras and household appliances to fraud detection systems, biomedical instrumentation and subway trains. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCWW offers a unique capability-the capability to precisiate natural language. Unprecisiated (raw) natural language cannot be computed with. A key concept which underlies precisiation of meaning is that of the meaning postulate: A proposition, p, is a restriction on the values which a variable, X-a variable which is implicit in p-is allowed to take. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCWW has an important ramification for mathematics. Addition of the formalism of CWW to mathematics empowers mathematics to construct mathematical solutions of computational problems which are stated in a natural language. Traditional mathematics does not have this capability.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Lotfi A. Zadeh\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 3642274722\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9783642274725\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Springer\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 07\/12\/2012\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 142\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.80lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.20h x 6.20w x 0.60d","brand":"Lotfi A. Zadeh","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":44073655566591,"sku":"9783642274725","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_a77773ee-7f4e-4ccf-a8e7-c53e2d96fdbe.jpg?v=1685449119","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/computing-with-words-lotfi-a-zadeh-9783642274725","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}