{"product_id":"current-methods-for-life-cycle-analyses-national-academies-of-sciences-engineeri-9780309273930","title":"Current Methods for Life-Cycle Analyses of Low-Carbon Transportation Fuels in the United States","description":"\u003cp\u003eTransportation is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States, with petroleum accounting for 90 percent of transportation fuels. Policymakers encounter a range of questions as they consider low-carbon fuel standards to reduce emissions, including total emissions released from production to use of a fuel or the potential consequences of a policy. Life-cycle assessment is an essential tool for addressing these questions. This report provides researchers and practitioners with a toolkit for applying life-cycle assessment to estimate greenhouse gas emissions, including identification of the best approach to use for a stated policy goal, how to reduce uncertainty and variability through verification and certification, and the core assumptions that can be applied to various fuel types. Policymakers should still use a tailored approach for each fuel type, given that petroleum-based ground, air, and marine transportation fuels necessitate different considerations than alternative fuels including biofuels, hydrogen, and electricity. Ultimately, life-cycle assessments should clearly document what assumptions and methods are used to ensure transparency.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e National Academies of Sciences Engineeri,Division on Engineering and Physical Sci,Division on Earth and Life Studies\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0309273935\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780309273930\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e National Academies Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 11\/26\/2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 236\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback","brand":"National Academies of Sciences Engineeri","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48447680184575,"sku":"9780309273930","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_04ffb9f7-8636-434b-8d1d-873f40708cfa.jpg?v=1777234083","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/current-methods-for-life-cycle-analyses-national-academies-of-sciences-engineeri-9780309273930","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}