{"product_id":"domestication-and-breeding-of-capparis-kulvir-bangarwa-9798488909939","title":"Domestication and Breeding of Capparis decidua: Domestication and Breeding","description":"The project work on \"Plant Diversity Assessment and Establishment of Germplasm Bank for Conservation, Domestication, and Breeding in \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e\u003ci\u003e\"\u003c\/i\u003e under Dr. B.P.Pal National Environment Fellowship Award for Biodiversity was started in December 2008 for two years for the assessment of plant diversity, rate of loss in plant diversity and causes for the decline in biodiversity of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua, d\u003c\/i\u003eocumentation of traditional knowledge, folk varieties, and other notable material, identification of promising reproductive material of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e from different fragile environmental conditions, the establishment of germplasm bank of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e and domestication and breeding of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA survey of southern Haryana and Rajasthan was conducted during flowering and fruiting seasons. \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e has its existence in undisturbed areas. \u003ci\u003eSalvadora oleoides\u003c\/i\u003e has been very closely associated with the tree species of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua. Prosopis cineraria, Azadirachta indica, \u003c\/i\u003eand \u003ci\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c\/i\u003e were also observed to be associated species. \u003ci\u003eProsopis juliflora \u003c\/i\u003e(which regenerates faster and grows aggressively) has become a serious threat to the existence of our indigenous plants\/trees and \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua \u003c\/i\u003eis a serious victim of \u003ci\u003eProsopis juliflora. \u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFlowering and fruiting in \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e have been observed twice a year. A lot of variation was observed for flowering and fruiting between regions and between plants within the region. The flowers of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e were observed to be complete having all the four parts viz., calyx (four sepals), corolla (four petals), androecium (many stamens usually 13-16 with a length varies from 0.5 to 1.2 cm), and gynoecium (ovary superior, bicarpellary syncarpous, unilocular with many ovules arranged on parental placenta, style absent and stigma about 1.1 cm.). In \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e stigma is closely surrounded by anthers. Pollination may be before flower opening or after flower opening. But the position of anthers in relation to stigma seems to ensure self-pollination. The seeds of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua \u003c\/i\u003eshowed a lot of variation for seed germination (fresh seeds) ranging from zero percent to 63.89%.\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua \u003c\/i\u003ehas proven to be an economically important plant in southern Haryana, Rajasthan, and elsewhere. It provides varied food and medicinal uses, building materials, fuelwood, and other income-generating opportunities. It contributes to environmental sustainability due to its soil-binding capacity and its ability to improve the soil fertility of sand dunes and to reduce soil alkalinity. For large-scale plantation of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua, \u003c\/i\u003eit has been established that\u003ci\u003e Capparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e can be successfully grown from seeds and suckers. Its matured fruits which have turned pink should be collected either in May-June or August-October. Seeds should be separated out by washing the pulp of fruits within 2-3 days. Seeds are to be sown in polythene bags (with a 3:1 ratio of sandy soil and FYM) in August if seeds are collected in May-June or February if seeds are collected in August-October. Collection of seeds in August-October and sowing of seeds in early February are desirable. Transplanting of seedlings should be done in early February by choosing seedlings of more than 15 cm height. Suckers of \u003ci\u003eCapparis decidua\u003c\/i\u003e are to be collected in early February and should be established in polythene bags (with a 3:1 ratio of sandy soil and FYM). Plants raised from suckers attain usually attain a height of more than 15 cm in 4-5 months and hence these plants are transplanted in the field during the rainy season.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Kulvir Bangarwa\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9798488909939\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Independently Published\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 10\/03\/2021\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 104\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.58lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 11.00h x 8.50w x 0.22d","brand":"Kulvir Bangarwa","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47419702280447,"sku":"9798488909939","price":9.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_0e0f081b-7bab-4577-9871-6befc783db27.jpg?v=1761513306","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/domestication-and-breeding-of-capparis-kulvir-bangarwa-9798488909939","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}