{"product_id":"electoral-systems-and-political-transformation-s-birch-9780333987650","title":"Electoral Systems and Political Transformation in Post-Communist Europe","description":"Electoral Systems and Political Transformation in Post-Communist Europe assesses the influence of electoral systems on political change in 20 post-communist European states. The main finding is that electoral institutions have systematic effects on the formation of representative structures. 'Party-enabling' aspects of electoral laws such as list proportional representation tend to foster popular inclusion in politics and institutionalized party systems, whereas 'politician-enabling' rules such as single-member districts and ballots that allow voters to select individuals often favour the development of weakly structured systems and high levels of popular exclusion from the representative process.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e S. Birch\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0333987659\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780333987650\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Palgrave MacMillan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 11\/25\/2003\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 212\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.85lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 8.76h x 5.42w x 0.66d","brand":"S. Birch","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":47421661610239,"sku":"9780333987650","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_4ab1f70d-101d-4fd0-ae8c-f3e2bffe4c95.jpg?v=1761527044","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/electoral-systems-and-political-transformation-s-birch-9780333987650","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}