{"product_id":"mechanisms-risk-factors-and-treatment-mona-el-banna-9786208429102","title":"Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies for Osteoporosis","description":"Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, leading to increased fracture risk. Multiple factors contribute to its pathogenesis, including hormonal deficiencies (estrogen, testosterone, and growth hormone), metabolic imbalances, chronic inflammation, glucocorticoid therapy, and lifestyle-related influences. Glucocorticoids (GCs) play a significant role in osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation, promoting osteoclast activity via the RANKL-OPG pathway, impairing calcium absorption, and disrupting vitamin D metabolism. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and prostanoids influence bone remodeling, further exacerbating bone loss. Management strategies include lifestyle modifications, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, pharmacologic interventions (bisphosphonates, SERMs, PTH analogs, and monoclonal antibodies), and hormone replacement therapy where applicable. Early detection and intervention are essential to prevent fractures and maintain skeletal health.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Mona El-Banna\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 6208429102\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9786208429102\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e LAP Lambert Academic Publishing\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 02\/10\/2025\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 88\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.28lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.21d","brand":"Mona El-Banna","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48519835222271,"sku":"9786208429102","price":64.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_d0bc462c-aa72-45c3-90f7-30d40e6e04bf.jpg?v=1778739113","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/mechanisms-risk-factors-and-treatment-mona-el-banna-9786208429102","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}