{"product_id":"norwegian-shipping-in-the-20th-stig-tenold-9783319956381","title":"Norwegian Shipping in the 20th Century: Norway's Successful Navigation of the World's Most Global Industry","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book is open access under a CC BY NC ND 4.0 license.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book belongs to the \u003cb\u003eMaritime Business and Economic History\u003c\/b\u003e strand of the \u003ci\u003ePalgrave Studies in Maritime Economics \u003c\/i\u003ebook series.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis open access book discusses how Norwegian shipping companies played a crucial role in global shipping markets in the 20th century, at times transporting more than ten per cent of world seaborne trade. Chapters explore how Norway managed to remain competitive, despite being a high labour-cost country in an industry with global competition. Among the features that are emphasised are market developments, business strategies and political decisions\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Norwegian experience was shaped by the main breaking points in 20th century world history, such as the two world wars, and by long-term trends, such as globalization and liberalization. The shipping companies introduced technological and organizational innovations to build or maintain a competitive advantage in a rapidly changing world. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe growing importance of offshore petroleum exploration in the North Sea from the 1970s was both a threat and an opportunity to the shipping companies. By adapting both business strategies and the political regime to the new circumstances, the Norwegian shipping sector managed to maintain a leading position internationally.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Stig Tenold\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 3319956388\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9783319956381\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Palgrave MacMillan\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 12\/11\/2018\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 327\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 1.55lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 8.27h x 5.83w x 1.06d","brand":"Stig Tenold","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":44125972758783,"sku":"9783319956381","price":31.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_0e86a84a-7d8a-4e7a-9490-4604d7cf3334.jpg?v=1687445589","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/norwegian-shipping-in-the-20th-stig-tenold-9783319956381","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}