{"product_id":"on-the-improvement-of-the-benedictus-de-spinoza-9781438501888","title":"On the Improvement of the Understanding","description":"Benedictus de Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese\/ Jewish origins. He was one of the great rationalists of his time. His work set the stage for the 18th century era of Enlightenment and modern Biblical criticism. Improvement of the Understanding is the core of Spinoza's philosophy. The treatise states that nothing is intrinsically good or bad. It is the individual's perceptions that make something appear to be good or bad. Spinoza believes in his deterministic universe that, \"All things in nature proceed from certain necessity and with the utmost perfection.\" For Spinoza nothing happens by chance\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Benedictus de Spinoza\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1438501889\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781438501888\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Book Jungle\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 10\/22\/2008\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 48\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.22lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.25h x 7.50w x 0.10d","brand":"Benedictus de Spinoza","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":44634725253375,"sku":"9781438501888","price":12.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_86d2dcee-fbb1-45be-8d3f-1f4a5edb9e29.jpg?v=1703590594","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/on-the-improvement-of-the-benedictus-de-spinoza-9781438501888","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}