{"product_id":"photoreceptors-and-calcium-wolfgang-baehr-9780306474156","title":"Photoreceptors and Calcium","description":"2 The role of Ca+ as an internal messenger in visual transduction of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms has been explored intensely in the recent past. Since the 2 early 1970s, calcium ions and cyclic GMP (whose levels are controlled by Ca+ in vertebrates) have been recognized as important second messengers. Particularly in 2 the last decade, however, the role of Ca+ in visual transduction has been re-evalu- ated and a proliferation of research has documented a multiplicity of roles. 2 It is now evident that Ca+ modulates phototransduction by acting at several 2 sites through a host of small Ca+ -binding proteins. For example, in phototransduction 2 of vertebrates, Ca+-free forms of guanylate cyclase activating proteins (GCAPs) activate guanylate cyclase, modulating levels of cOMP, a key event in the return of photoreceptors to pre-bleach conditions. Defects in genes encoding guanylate cy- clase or guanylate cyclase activating proteins lead to severe diseases of the retina (e. g., Leber congenital amaurosis, rod\/cone dystrophy, or cone dystrophy), thus em- phasizing the important role of these proteins in phototransduction. Similarly, mu- 2 tant genes encoding cation or Ca+ channels (cyclic nucleotide-gated cation chan- 2 nels located in the cell membrane and L-type voltage-gated Ca+ channels located at the synapse of photo receptors) lead to retinitis pigmentosa or congenital stationary night blindness. In phototransduction of invertebrate organisms (e. g., Drosophila 2 and Limulus), the role of Ca+ is similarly central, but distinct, from that of vertebrates.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Wolfgang Baehr\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0306474158\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780306474156\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Springer\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 01\/31\/2003\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 625\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 3.01lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 10.36h x 6.78w x 1.73d","brand":"Wolfgang Baehr","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":48483450126591,"sku":"9780306474156","price":219.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_4d9a9c8f-c29b-47be-b09a-a442b2804c26.jpg?v=1778038809","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/photoreceptors-and-calcium-wolfgang-baehr-9780306474156","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}