{"product_id":"polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-stephen-safe-9783642705526","title":"Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs): Mammalian and Environmental Toxicology","description":"Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been produced commercially since be- fore 1930. They proved to be highly versatile mixtures and their uses continued to expand during the early 1970's even after the unanticipated world-wide en- vironmental contamination had been discovered (Jensen et aI., 1969; Koeman et aI., 1969). Over 600,000 metric-tons were produced and\/or used in the U. S. during this time and it is estimated that worldwide production totaled about 1,200,000 metric-tons (Table 1). With low acute toxicities (Fishbein, 1974), these mixtures were considered gen- erally biologically inactive even though industrial exposure had demonstrated he- patic and dermatological effects (Fishbein, 1974; Hansen, 1987). Thus, use and disposal were not carefully monitored and it is estimated that one-third of the world-wide production of PCBs has been released into the global environment (Table 1). Table 1. Estimated production and disposition of PCBs b U. s. a Worldwide 6 6 Production\/use 610 X 10 kg 1200 X 10 kg Mobil environmental reservoir 82 400 Static reservoirs In service 340 Dumps 130 Total static 470 800 a NAS, 1979 b Tatsukawa and Tanaba, 1984 2 Environmental Distribution Many countries now impose strict controls on the use and release of PCBs. Re- lease into the environment has declined dramatically in the last decade, but con- tinued release from reservoirs (Table 1) into burdened ecosystems (Table 2) ap- pears inevitable for several more decades (Barros et aI., 1984).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Stephen Safe\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 3642705529\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9783642705526\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Springer\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 11\/20\/2011\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 152\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.61lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.61h x 6.69w x 0.36d","brand":"Stephen Safe","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":44365309575423,"sku":"9783642705526","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_db90529a-5e5d-44f5-83e8-1009953da5ab.jpg?v=1697057808","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-stephen-safe-9783642705526","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}