{"product_id":"stalled-pulsing-inertial-oscillation-model-nasa-technical-reports-server-ntrs-9781289145293","title":"Stalled Pulsing Inertial Oscillation Model for a Tornadic Cyclone","description":"A supercell storm is a tall, rotating thunderstorm that can generate hail and tornadoes. Two models exist for the development of the storm's rotation or mesocyclone - the conventional splitting-storm model, and the more recent pulsing inertial oscillation (PIO) model, in which a nonlinear pulse represents the supercell. Although data support both models and both could operate in the same supercell, neither model has satisfactorily explained the tornadic cyclone. A tornadic cyclone is an elevated vorticity concentration of Rossby number approximately 1000 that develops within the contracting mesocyclone shortly before a major tornado appears at the surface. We now show that if the internal temperature excess due to latent energy release is limited to the realistic range of -12 K to +12 K, the PIO model can stall part way through the pulse in a state of contraction and spin-up. Should this happen, the stalled-PIO model can evolve into a tornadic cyclone with a central pressure deficit that exceeds 40 mb, which is greater than the largest measured value. This simulation uses data from a major tornadic supercell that occurred over Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA, on May 3, 1999. The stalled-PIO mechanism also provides a strategy for human intervention to retard or reverse the development of a tornadic cyclone and its pendant tornado.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs),Robert C. Costen\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1289145296\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781289145293\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Bibliogov\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 06\/28\/2013\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 60\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.28lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.69h x 7.44w x 0.12d","brand":"Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47611423064319,"sku":"9781289145293","price":17.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/stalled-pulsing-inertial-oscillation-model-nasa-technical-reports-server-ntrs-9781289145293","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}