{"product_id":"sullivan-clinton-expedition-1779-tony-hawkins-9798199880404","title":"Sullivan-Clinton Expedition 1779: The Torture Tree","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA forgotten campaign. A fabricated legend. A land that refuses to forget.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eThe Torture Tree\u003c\/i\u003e uncovers the true story of the 1779 Sullivan-Clinton Expedition-America's largest military assault against Indigenous people-and the century of myth-making that followed.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the summer of 1779, General George Washington ordered the \"total destruction\" of Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) towns across New York. More than forty communities were burned. Thousands of acres of crops were destroyed. Families fled into a brutal winter that claimed countless lives. Yet in the generations that followed, this devastation was rewritten into a tale of frontier heroism-culminating in the 1927 dedication of a \"torture tree\" that marked an atrocity which never happened on that spot.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThis book tells two intertwined stories: \u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- \u003cb\u003eThe campaign itself\u003c\/b\u003e-the councils, rumours, marches, ambushes, and scorched-earth destruction that reshaped the Northeast. - \u003cb\u003eThe memory that replaced it\u003c\/b\u003e-the monuments, pageants, patriotic societies, and invented legends that turned victims into villains and violence into virtue.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDrawing on Haudenosaunee oral histories, military journals, archaeological evidence, and the politics of memory, \u003ci\u003eThe Torture Tree\u003c\/i\u003e reveals how the past is not simply inherited-it is constructed, curated, and contested.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFor readers of Indigenous history, American memory studies, and narrative nonfiction, this is a story of survival, erasure, and the land that remembers what monuments try to forget.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Tony Hawkins\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9798199880404\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Independently Published\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 06\/03\/2026\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 68\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.23lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.14d","brand":"Tony Hawkins","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48743273365759,"sku":"9798199880404","price":14.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_d9202a9c-a20a-488a-a92f-c0a53f92b0ec.jpg?v=1782450987","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/sullivan-clinton-expedition-1779-tony-hawkins-9798199880404","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}