{"product_id":"surrogate-terrorists-stephen-kramer-9780761850687","title":"Surrogate Terrorists: Iran's Formula for Success","description":"Today, National Security is embroiled in the unknown, the uncertain, the unseen, and the unexpected. In the twenty-first century, failed states, rogue states, ethnic militias, and radical extremists produce transnational actors involved in global conflicts. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eDuring the 1980s, Iran used Hizballah as a surrogate terrorist organization. This was an excellent example of the transition from the traditional state-centered paradigm ordered around conventional strength between rival states to a new type of warfare practiced today. The model created from this research shows many of the conditions, activities, and events necessary to create a state-sponsored terrorist group and provides the reader with indicators that such a group is being formed. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ci\u003eSurrogate Terrorists\u003c\/i\u003e explores some of the analytic methodology used to understand terrorism, insurgency, asymmetric warfare, and state practice of denial and deception. It closes with examples of state-sponsored surrogate terrorist groups' centers of gravity that can be exploited.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Stephen Kramer\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 0761850686\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780761850687\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e University Press of America\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 02\/24\/2010\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 112\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.40lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 8.80h x 5.90w x 0.40d","brand":"Stephen Kramer","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":44302078673151,"sku":"9780761850687","price":40.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_5b9a9cce-96db-4650-9d4b-0cd2c24455b7.jpg?v=1695159395","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/surrogate-terrorists-stephen-kramer-9780761850687","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}