{"product_id":"the-milk-cows-john-f-white-9781399085199","title":"The Milk Cows: The U-Boat Tankers at War 1941 - 1945","description":"During the Second World War the Germans developed a specially adapted U-boat oil tanker with two aims. First, by refueling the attack U-boat fleet their range of operations and duration of patrol could be significantly increased. Secondly, these underwater tankers were far more likely to avoid detection than surface support ships.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe submarine tankers, affectionately known as Milk Cows, were regarded by both the Germans and the Allies as the most important element of the U-boat fleet. Allied forces had orders to attack the tankers first whenever a choice was presented.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUntil late 1942 the German Milk Cows operated with great success and few losses. But from 1943 onwards the German rendezvous ciphers were repeatedly broken by the Allies and losses mounted rapidly. The Milk Cows were highly vulnerable during the lengthy refueling procedure as they lay stationary on the surface, hatches open. By the end of the war virtually every tanker had been sunk with severe loss of life.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe story of this critical campaign has been thoroughly researched by the author and is told against the background of changing U-boat fortunes.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e John F. White\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1399085190\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781399085199\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Pen and Sword Maritime\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 04\/13\/2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 272\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 1.01lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.10h x 6.10w x 1.00d","brand":"John F. White","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":43993326387455,"sku":"9781399085199","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_8e577ca1-4626-4545-9696-7d65695678da.jpg?v=1683323768","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/the-milk-cows-john-f-white-9781399085199","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}