{"product_id":"the-road-taken-sung-hee-ru-9798855803068","title":"The Road Taken: China's Incorporation Process Into the Capitalist World System and Its Capitalist Transition","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTraces China's transformations with a focus on China's incorporation process in the nineteenth century, which help to grasp the historical origins of China's capitalism.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs Europe's colonial powers reached China in the nineteenth century, they became so strong that China could no longer ignore them. Given that the unprecedented geographical expansion of the European system undermined a China-centered world order and brought unprecedented changes to Chinese society, an intriguing question--why and how the Chinese empire entered into the capitalist world economy--has attracted increasing attention among historians, historical sociologists, and world-systems researchers. Yet, there has been no comprehensive monograph touching on China's incorporation process into the capitalist world-economy. To rectify this, \u003ci\u003eThe Road Taken\u003c\/i\u003e investigates China's incorporation process. Incorporation studies, based on world-systems analysis, aims to illustrate the long-term integration process of external arenas into the capitalist world-economy. Ru traces China's transformations with a focus on how incorporation process unfolded over the course of a century (1780s-1890s), which represents a watershed era in the relations between China and the capitalist world.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Sung Hee Ru\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9798855803068\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e State University of New York Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 03\/02\/2026\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 414\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 10.00h x 7.00w x 1.27d","brand":"Sung Hee Ru","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48114127438079,"sku":"9798855803068","price":38.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_021e531f-1e8f-4a63-bb26-323dae975244.jpg?v=1769619283","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/the-road-taken-sung-hee-ru-9798855803068","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}