{"product_id":"the-role-of-musculoskeletal-dynamics-national-aeronautics-and-space-administr-9781288915316","title":"The Role of Musculoskeletal Dynamics and Neuromuscular Control in Stress Development in Bone","description":"The role of forces produced by the musculotendon units in the stress development of the long bones during gait has not been fully analyzed. It is well known that the musculotendons act as actuators producing the joint torques which drive the body. Although the joint torques required to perform certain motor tasks can be recovered through a kinematic analysis, it remains a difficult problem to determine the actual forces produced by each muscle that resulted in these torques. As a consequence, few studies have focused on the role of individual muscles in the development of stress in the bone. This study takes a control theoretic approach to the problem. A seven-link, eight degrees of freedom model of the body is controlled by various muscle groups on each leg to simulate gait. The simulations incorporate Hill-type models of muscles with activation and contraction dynamics controlled through neural inputs. This direct approach allows one to know the exact muscle forces exerted by each musculotendon throughout the gait cycle as well the joint torques and reaction forces at the ankle and knee. Stress and strain computed by finite element analysis on skeletal members will be related to these derived loading conditions. Thus the role of musculoskeletal dynamics and neuromuscular control in the stress development of the tibia during gait can be analyzed.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e National Aeronautics and Space Administr,Yssa Dewoody\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1288915314\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781288915316\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Biblioscholar\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 03\/13\/2013\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 114\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.48lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.69h x 7.44w x 0.24d","brand":"National Aeronautics and Space Administr","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":48449474527487,"sku":"9781288915316","price":57.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_5f11e704-eef3-4886-ba22-d73c524d9219.jpg?v=1777263550","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/the-role-of-musculoskeletal-dynamics-national-aeronautics-and-space-administr-9781288915316","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}