{"product_id":"vital-minimum-dana-simmons-9780226251561","title":"Vital Minimum: Need, Science, and Politics in Modern France","description":"What constitutes a need? Who gets to decide what people do or do not need? In modern France, scientists, both amateur and professional, were engaged in defining and measuring human needs. These scientists did not trust in a providential economy to distribute the fruits of labor and uphold the social order. Rather, they believed that social organization should be actively directed according to scientific principles. They grounded their study of human needs on quantifiable foundations: agricultural and physiological experiments, demographic studies, and statistics. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e The result was the concept of the \"vital minimum\"--the living wage, a measure of physical and social needs. In this book, Dana Simmons traces the history of this concept, revealing the intersections between technologies of measurement, such as calorimeters and social surveys, and technologies of wages and welfare, such as minimum wages, poor aid, and welfare programs. In looking at how we define and measure need, \u003ci\u003eVital Minimum\u003c\/i\u003e raises profound questions about the authority of nature and the nature of inequality.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Dana Simmons\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 022625156X\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9780226251561\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e University of Chicago Press\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 07\/13\/2015\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 240\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Hardcover\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 1.10lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.10h x 6.00w x 0.90d\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eReview Citation(s): \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eChoice\u003c\/i\u003e 01\/01\/2016","brand":"Dana Simmons","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover","offer_id":48086398533887,"sku":"9780226251561","price":48.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_2c5aaa87-c97d-492e-b142-65ab9059b406.jpg?v=1769094453","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/vital-minimum-dana-simmons-9780226251561","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}