{"product_id":"vortex-rings-generated-by-a-richard-l-deloof-9781287252504","title":"Vortex Rings Generated by a Shrouded Hartmann-Sprenger Tube","description":"The pulsed flow emitted from a shrouded Hartmann-Sprenger tube was sampled with high-frequency pressure transducers and with laser particle imaging velocimetry, and found to consist of a train of vortices. Thrust and mass flow were also monitored using a thrust plate and orifice, respectively. The tube and shroud lengths were altered to give four different operating frequencies. From the data, the radius, velocity, and circulation of the vortex rings was obtained. Each frequency corresponded to a different length to diameter ratio of the pulse of air leaving the driver shroud. Two of the frequencies had length to diameter ratios below the formation number, and two above. The formation number is the value of length to diameter ratio below which the pulse converts to a vortex ring only, and above which the pulse becomes a vortex ring plus a trailing jet. A modified version of the slug model of vortex ring formation was used to compare the observations with calculated values. Because the flow exit area is an annulus, vorticity is shed at both the inner and outer edge of the jet. This results in a reduced circulation compared with the value calculated from slug theory accounting only for the outer edge. If the value of circulation obtained from laser particle imaging velocimetry is used in the slug model calculation of vortex ring velocity, the agreement is quite good. The vortex ring radius, which does not depend on the circulation, agrees well with predictions from the slug model.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Richard L. Deloof,Jack Wilson\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 1287252508\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9781287252504\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Bibliogov\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 07\/29\/2013\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 24\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.14lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.69h x 7.44w x 0.05d","brand":"Richard L. Deloof","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":47611322859775,"sku":"9781287252504","price":14.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_f21b7516-73ed-4a1e-9063-81d984b9c530.jpg?v=1764513151","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/vortex-rings-generated-by-a-richard-l-deloof-9781287252504","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}