{"product_id":"x-ray-emission-of-auroral-electrons-leonid-l-lazutin-9783642704000","title":"X-Ray Emission of Auroral Electrons and Magnetospheric Dynamics","description":"The experimental study of magnetospheric processes consists of several disci- plines or methods, developing in two general directions. The first, internal trend covers the progress in experimental techniques and methods and re- search specific to this discipline. The other trend combines with other methods in a mutual attempt at understanding the boiling whirlpool of the disturbed magnetosphere. Investigations of auroral X-rays began after Van Allen's (1957) discovery of hard radiation in the upper atmosphere of the auroral zone, and are based on high latitude balloon observations. Scientific apparatus, payload equip- ment, and particular questions of scientific ballooning are discussed in Chap- ter 1. Chapter 2 concludes the internal trend of the subject by describing the problems of X-ray generation at the boundary of the atmosphere and propa- gation downward to balloon altitudes. Auroral X-rays are closely related to most of the processes of the disturbed magnetosphere through energetic auroral electrons; precipitating into the at- mosphere, the latter create bremsstrahlung photons able to penetrate to an at- mospheric depth of 10- 20 g cm - 2. In quiet periods auroral electron flux ex- ists only in embryo, as a hot plasma layer at the inner edge of the plasma sheet: in general it is a transient phenomenon caused by magnetospheric distur- bances and carrying valuable information of the magnetospheric dynamics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuthor:\u003c\/b\u003e Leonid L. Lazutin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-10:\u003c\/b\u003e 364270400X\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eISBN-13:\u003c\/b\u003e 9783642704000\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/b\u003e Springer\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLanguage:\u003c\/b\u003e English\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePublished:\u003c\/b\u003e 12\/06\/2011\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePages:\u003c\/b\u003e 220\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eFormat:\u003c\/b\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeight:\u003c\/b\u003e 0.75lbs\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSize:\u003c\/b\u003e 9.21h x 6.14w x 0.51d","brand":"Leonid L. Lazutin","offers":[{"title":"Paperback","offer_id":46867106267391,"sku":"9783642704000","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0662\/2982\/9887\/files\/img_03674a73-9154-4ff4-af5b-9e9bc1b867c1.jpg?v=1747453906","url":"https:\/\/www.whiterainbookhouse.com\/products\/x-ray-emission-of-auroral-electrons-leonid-l-lazutin-9783642704000","provider":"WR Book House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}