Computers - Computer Science

The present Reprint contains 8 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue "Numerical Simulation and Methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics" in the MDPI journal Mathematics, which cover a wide range of topics connected to the theory, numerical methods, and simulation techniques of complex...

This Reprint continues the work initiated in our previous edition, Mathematical Models and Simulations, emphasizing the central role of mathematical modeling in understanding complex systems across physics, biology, finance, and engineering. Mathematical models provide the structural framework through which the behavior of physical and...

Computer has become an indispensable tool in solving complex problems in every sector. With the advent of digital computers, several fields have discovered the potential of employing computers' capacities in storage, computation, and simulation. The computation era has exploded and generated new research areas...

This reprint gathers recent advances in eye-tracking technologies across theory, methods, and applications. It features contributions on core topics-gaze estimation, oculomotor measurement, event-camera-based pupil tracking, and area-of-interest analytics-alongside application-driven studies in transportation, human-computer interaction, vision science, and education. The articles demonstrate how improved sensors,...

This Special Issue, titled "Complexity, Fractality and Fractional Dynamics Applied to Science and Engineering", aims not only to present the state of the art in complex, fractal, and fractional dynamics and their applications, but also to explore the potential and broader applicability of these...

Over the past thirty years, fractional calculus has become an integral part of all scientific fields. Although not all formulations are suitable for use in applications, there are several tools that constitute true generalizations of classical operators and are suitable for describing real phenomena....

This Special Issue comprises eleven articles on the algebraic, combinatorial, and geometric aspects of Coding Theory. The topics range from applied (error detection probability, sonar sequences, optical codes, codes for constrained systems, and storage codes) and algebraic (AG codes for the Hermitian curve, LCD...

The Reprint, "Digital Image Processing: Technologies and Applications", is a collection of articles dealing with some of the more recent theories and successful applications in the image processing field. The published papers included in this Reprint can be divided into three groups. The first...

This reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the second edition of the Special Issue titled "Computational and Mathematical Methods in Information Science and Engineering, 2nd Edition" in the journal Mathematics. It compiles eleven excellent papers, selected from a highly competitive...

After nearly one year of effort, we are pleased to present this Reprint focusing on cutting-edge advancements in biometric recognition. There are 22 submissions in total, with 11 papers accepted-each peer-reviewed by at least 3 reviewers and accepted based on quality, originality, novelty, and...

A Special Issue titled 'New Insights in Crop Monitoring and Management Using Remote Sensing Data' was launched in November 2022. It invited scientific contributions focused on the quantitative assessment of crop growth, management, and yield using innovative and integrated remote sensing techniques. To date,...

It is difficult to talk about mechanics without mentioning at least one contribution made by Prof. J.N. Reddy, who has embraced all aspects of applied mechanics, from continuums to engineering theories. He is best known for his research on the shear deformation theories of...

This Reprint explores the transformative influence of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI on education. It presents a collection of research studies examining how advanced algorithms, adaptive systems, and intelligent tutoring technologies are reshaping teaching, learning, and assessment. The contributions analyze both opportunities and...

This Reprint collects cutting-edge research from the highly regarded Entropy Special Issue "Semantic Information Theory." As modern communication systems evolve for applications like 6G, IoT, and autonomous driving, the focus shifts from merely transmitting bits to efficiently conveying task-specific meaning. The Special Issue bridges...

Clean Architecture Principles: How Great Software Is Structured, Protected, and Sustained Over TimeBuilding software that lasts is one of the most challenging goals any developer or team can face. Many systems work today but crumble under tomorrow's changes. Features become difficult to extend, bugs...

The present book contains 18 total articles accepted and published in the Special Issue "Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition with Applications, 2022" of MDPI's Mathematics journal, which covers a wide range of topics connected to the theory and applications of computer vision and pattern...

This reprint gathers recent advances in fractional differential equations and nonlocal modeling across discrete and continuous settings, united by a common theme: memory and long-range effects as first-class citizens in analysis, computation, and applications. The works here develop new objects (from fractional sequences to...

This Special Issue brings together cutting-edge research on algorithms, with a particular emphasis on feature selection techniques. Covering a broad range of topics-including evolutionary and ensemble methods, deep learning, high-dimensional data, time-series analysis, and textual applications-it addresses both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. After...

The development of advanced algorithms for wireless communication and the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a central theme in recent research, and this Reprint highlights studies related to mathematical and computational methods applied in these domains. This Reprint contains theoretical contributions, applied models,...

The delay phenomenon is a common feature of industrial, communication, economic, biological, and similar systems and processes, and it significantly affects their stability and dynamics. It can markedly deteriorate the quality of control performance in feedback loops. Studying the influence of delays on system...

In recent decades, rapid advancements in machine learning have significantly enhanced the ability to detect and classify objects within digital images. These technological developments have facilitated a wide range of applications, including the identification of malignant cells in histopathological images, the classification of flora...

Metaheuristic algorithms are advanced optimization methods widely used to solve complex engineering design problems. They operate by iteratively searching the solution space, employing strategies inspired by natural or physical processes to balance exploration and exploitation. Common examples include genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, simulated...

This Reprint compiles all articles accepted and published in the Special Issue of Mathematics entitled "Evolutionary Multi-Criteria Optimization: Methods and Applications". This Special Issue seeks to bring together both experts and newcomers to explore emerging and existing issues in these domains, with a particular...

The paper "Leveraging Growth Patterns for Quantum Computing" argues that progress in quantum computing does not follow smooth exponential curves but instead occurs through irregular leaps. Using the sequence (4 → 16 → 48 → 139 → ...) as a framework, the author suggests...

Insider Threat Prevention Cyber Security (ITPCS) is scary. In the first place, ITPCS challenges the most knowledgeable people in the organization. In the second, ITPCS is disastrous when it fails. A single criminal incident can completely ruin a company and render the company completely...

Internet of Things technologies, which connect various devices and sensors together, are increasingly at the basis of modern communication, enabling the autonomous exchange of data between billions of physical and virtual objects, creating smart environments in sectors such as healthcare, logistics, etc.However, the advancement...

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has demonstrated its potential in monitoring geological disasters, e.g., those related to subsidence, landslides, earthquakes, and volcanoes. Such monitoring results provide significant information for further physical modeling, driving mechanism interpretation, developments in early warning technology, and the management and...

This book serves as an essential practitioner's guide to the world of recommender algorithms as it stands in early 2026. We begin with the indispensable baselines-from classic neighborhood models to powerful matrix factorization-and build toward the sophisticated deep learning architectures that power today's largest...

This Special Issue deals with the uncertainty of information in real-world problems and use cases. It is now well-known that fuzzy set theory is a suitable theory in this regard. This theory is a valuable conceptual tool for handling vague concepts and sets forth...

This Special Issue presents the latest advances in the design, processing, and performance evaluation of Ni-based superalloys. The presented articles highlight key aspects such as microstructural evolution, high-temperature tensile behavior, low-cycle fatigue, and the effects of alloying and processing on mechanical properties. Covering both...

In recent decades, fractal theory has proven to be extremely useful for the modelling of a great quantity of natural and social phenomena. Its fields of application range from biotechnology to financial markets, for instance.Fractal geometry builds a bridge between classical geometry and modern...

Mathematics and physics are basic natural sciences. They are the root of almost all processes in nature and technology. There are a large number of situations where these two sciences can offer the best models and most appropriate explanations for natural processes or technological...

This Reprint showcases cutting-edge research at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI), bioinformatics, and new medicine. It highlights recent advances and persistent challenges in leveraging AI to address complex biological and clinical problems, such as multi-omics integration, cancer discovery, single-cell analysis, and network modeling....

Adding people to an organization or transferring them out of an organization changes the culture of that organization. Imparting new knowledge changes culture. Changes in the structure, environment, or processes of a culture change that culture. Even the emotional transformation of a single member...

This Reprint presents recent advances in the rapidly evolving field of Knowledge and Information Extraction Research, with a particular emphasis on methods that transform heterogeneous and unstructured data into structured, actionable knowledge. It brings together diverse contributions exploring methodological innovations across natural language processing,...

The present reprint compiles a total of 14 articles originally published in the Special Issue "Advance in Control Theory and Optimization" of the MDPI Mathematics journal. These contributions collectively explore the latest applications of mathematical methodologies across the interconnected domains of control theory and...

The ten articles published in this Special Issue, "New Theory and Applications of Nonlinear Analysis, Fractional Calculus and Optimization", demonstrate the profound impact and widespread applications of nonlinear analysis, fractional calculus, and optimization in applied mathematics and modern science.Overall, these papers provide inspiration for...

Distributed computing frameworks offer a powerful means to train AI models and deploy AI applications at scale. This reprint aims to introduce those recent advances and practical applications in distributed computing. This reprint presents the most recent research in distributed computing, with a particular...

This Special Issue examines the intersection of NLP, semantic networks, and sentiment analysis, exploring how these technologies can contribute to more intelligent systems. The contributions gathered address, among other topics, the detection of irony and sarcasm, the generation of semantic explanations, the automatic construction...

Virtual reality, augmented reality, and the metaverse are no longer futuristic concepts-they are reshaping how society works, learns, and interacts.This Reprint compiles peer-reviewed studies exploring how diverse sectors such as healthcare, education, industry, and tourism are adapting to these immersive technologies. It offers a...

When we speak of Bayesianism, we are referring to a philosophical and statistical framework that involves the representation of degrees of belief or justification using probabilities. It is characterized by the idea that belief comes in degrees that can be formalized using the axioms...

This Special Issue covers recent developments in distribution theory where the proliferation of 'new' distributions-often derived through standardized techniques-has led to the development of models that prioritize mathematical elegance and rigor over interpretability. While these models may exhibit increased complexity, they often fail to...

Fuzzy systems and neural networks are the main theoretical approaches in computational intelligence. These approaches have been successfully applied in a wide range of fields, such as information science, mathematics, control engineering, image processing, pattern recognition, robotics, mechatronics, consumer electronics, and system optimisation. They...

The aim of this Special Issue is to explore the multifaceted aspects of data-driven intelligent modeling and optimization algorithms for industrial processes. The main goals are to harness the power of data to improve control, decision making, and parameter optimization, and to drive industrial...

Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is an important task in manufacturing and mechatronic systems for reducing costs and improving productivity. Traditionally, the states of machines and their faults are manually checked, a process which is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, it is desirable to develop...

Games have long been excellent benchmarks for AI algorithms for two reasons. Initially, games are developed to assess and challenge human intelligence, and the variety of games can provide a rich context for evaluating different cognitive and decision-making abilities. Secondly, addressing complex real-world challenges...

The book begins with the formal establishment of the International Mathematical Union (IMU) and its purpose of promoting international cooperation in mathematics by supporting and assisting the international Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) every four years. The book presents the most important features of each...

Over time, the concepts of cost, time, delivery, space, quality, durability, and price began to gain more significance in the emerging trends of information technology when it comes to solving managerial decision-making problems in supply chain models, transportation issues, inventory control issues, and related...

Computational modeling has become essential in the engineering field in recent years, providing necessary analyses for real-life problems. Alongside this, optimization techniques have evolved to enhance solutions across diverse problems. Recent advances, including mesh-free methodologies and innovative finite element approaches, have emerged to complete...

The articles published in this Special Issue collectively demonstrate the significant impact of mathematical modeling, machine learning, and optimization techniques in solving complex engineering problems. They cover a broad spectrum of applications, from manufacturing process control and electric vehicle motor temperature prediction to the...