Reference - General

This study reviewed the literature on static and impact withdrawal of nails driven into the end grain of wood members. From this, an empirical relationship was created relating the specific gravity of the wood, the diameter of the nail, and the depth of penetration...

Log sort years provide many benefits in the utilization and marketing of logs, wood, and fiber. Interest in commercial log sort yards has increased in the past decade in response to timber supply issues, changes in wood and fiber markets, and the need to...

The CDSE Education Division offers courses designed specifically to develop leaders for the DoD security community. These courses are similar in scope to college and graduate level courses. Most courses are a semester long. Courses are delivered using a collaborative online learning environment, making...

E-mail based attacks, which reached a state of infamy with the ILOVEYOU worm and a host of more recent attacks, have highlighted the propensity of modern e-mail systems to provide a ready conduit for malicious code delivery. The Microsoft family of e-mail clients has...

This paper provides an overview of the security threats from embedded scripts and binary executables in Office 2000 documents. It recommends ways to mitigate or counter these threats. The four applications covered in this paper are: Microsoft Word - the word processing application Microsoft...

For over a decade, the United States House of Representatives' Committee on Homeland Security has worked to oversee and strengthen the nation's counterterrorism programs and policies. Established along with the Department of Homeland Security in response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001,...

This report complies with Section 845 of the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 2009, which requires the Secretary of Defense to report biennially to the congressional defense committees on expenditures and activities of the Department of Defense in carrying out the requirements...

Our review found serious and pervasive problems that essentially rendered EPA's agency wide informations security program ineffective. Our tests of computer-based controls concluded that the computer operating systems and the agency wide computer network that support most of EPA's mission related and financial operations...

FAA's mission is to ensure safe, orderly, and efficient air travel in the national airspace system (NAS). FAA's ability to fulfill this mission depends on the adequacy and reliability of its ATC system, a vast network of computer hardware, software, and communications equipment. Faced...

Dramatic increases in computer interconnectivity, especially in use of the Internet, are revolutionizing the way our government, our nation, and much of the orld communicate and conduct business The benefits have been enormous vast amounts of information are now literally at our fingertips, facilitating...

The department's vision of "One VA" was articulated to assist it in carrying out its mission of providing benefits and other services to veterans and dependents. It stems from the recognition that veterans think of VA as a single entity, but often encounter a...

The Air Force mission is global. Airmen are trained to employ air, space, and cyberspace forces anywhere, at any time, across the full range of military operations. In order to adequately support the Secretary of Defense and the geographic combatant commanders in executing operations,...

War is one of mankind's most complex endeavors. Destroying or incapacitating enemy military forces and attriting them into ineffectiveness is one means, but not the only means, of achieving warfare's objectives. Airmen have always envisioned going directly to the heart of an enemy. Modern...

This interim change updates discussion in several places due to changes in national guidance, adds discussion of dissuasion within the overall discussion of deterrence (page 3), deletes outdated discussion of the New TRIAD (pages 5-6), and updates the organizational discussion and associated chart regarding...

Time and time again in the last several decades, air and space power has proven among the most powerful of weapons in the nation's military arsenal, deciding some conflicts outright and enabling us to resolve others in the manner of our choosing. Today, air...

Throughout their history, America's armed forces have maintained a commitment to recover any isolated personnel from hostile or uncertain environments, and denied areas. But until recently, each Service tackled the personnel recovery conundrum unilaterally. For example, the last edition of this document focused on...

The attacks of 11 September 2001 served as a stark reminder of the importance of homeland operations. The defense of America's territory and air sovereignty quickly returned to the forefront of national discourse. Since 9/11, we have also seen the destructive power of nature...

The mission of the United States Air Force is to deliver sovereign options for the defense of the United States of America and its global interests - to fly and fight in Air, Space, and Cyberspace. Our space forces perform functions that are critical...

Information has long been a key part of human competition-those with a superior ability to gather, understand, control, and use information have always had a substantial advantage on the battlefield. From the earliest recorded battles to the most recent military operations, history is full...

The United States is engaged in a protracted struggle against violent extremists that will persist for the foreseeable future. Our Air Force Special Operations Forces (AFSOF) are at the forefront of this struggle. In recent years, we have called upon AFSOF to deliver unique...

Today, we live in a globally-networked society that is increasingly dependent upon cyberspace access and security. Our ability to gain and maintain superiority in cyberspace has become essential to our ability to deliver global reach, power, and vigilance. As an integral member of the...

Due to the increased lethality of international and domestic threats, it is imperative the Air Force take strong measures to protect our personnel and installations, both at home and abroad. How the Air Force protects its forces is critical to global engagement. An air...

The charter for the Defense Security Service, (Department of Defense Directive Number 5105.42), was re-issued and signed by William Lynn, Deputy Secretary of Defense on Aug. 3, 2010. This document serves as the formal statement of the DSS mission and the authorities for DSS...

In war, defeating an enemy's force is often a necessary step on the path to victory. Defeating enemy armies is a difficult task that often comes with a high price tag in terms of blood and treasure. With its inherent speed, range, and flexibility,...

The mission of the United States Air Force is to fly, fight, and win in air, space, and cyberspace. A crucial part of achieving that mission involves obtaining and maintaining superiority in the air domain. That domain, defined for the first time in this...

Air Force Doctrine Document (AFDD) 1-04, Legal Support to Operations, establishes Air Force doctrine focused on legal advice and considerations for Air Force operations. The Air Force, like other Services, continues to operate in an increasingly complex environment around the world, demanding nothing less...

At the conclusion of the 2011 Stakeholder Report, DSS committed to enhancing and expanding its oversight of the National Industrial Security Program and the reinvigorating the Security Education, Training and Awareness Program. The report also contained a list of 11 priorities for the coming...

DSS supports national security and the warfighter, secures the nation's technological base, and oversees the protection of U.S. and foreign classified information in the hands of industry under the National Industrial Security Program (NISP) - on behalf of the Department of Defense and 23...

The Defense Security Service (DSS), formerly known as the Defense Investigative Service (DIS) was established on Jan. 1, 1972. DSS was created in response to President Richard M. Nixon's approval of proposals suggesting the reorganization of the national intelligence community and the creation of...

The Defense Security Service Counterintelligence Office presents the annual Technology Collection Trends in the U.S. Defense Industry-2006 as a tool for security professionals. The technology collection trends and assessments in this publication are based upon suspicious contact reports originating from cleared defense industry.Author: U....

In developing management actions for migratory game birds, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has publicly supported the goals, objectives, and management strategies identified in the various Flyway management plans for both Tundra (C. columbianus) and Trumpeter (C. buccinator) swans (Hartwig 1989, Gritman...

Information security is an important consideration for any organization that depends on information systems to carry out its mission. The dramatic expansion in computer interconnectivity and the exponential increase in the use of the Internet are changing the way our government, the nation, and...

The Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR) has recently updated National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) data for the state's six coastal counties. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has recognized the potential application of NWI data for watershed assessments, but realized that other...

The Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management's Narragansett Bay Estuary Program's (NBEP) goal is to protect and preserve Narragansett Bay through conserving and restoring natural resources and enhancing water quality. NBEP accomplishes this through a variety of projects, including interagency partnerships and community involvement....

When Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) users are asked about security concerns related to VoIP, one of the first thoughts is how to secure the VoIP network itself. Although, applying security measures at Layer 2 through Layer 5 (switches, routers, firewalls, and Intrusion Detection...

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has been conducting the National Wetlands Inventory for over 25 years. The NWI Program has produced wetland maps for 91% (78% final) of the lower 48 states, all of Hawaii, and 35% of Alaska. Wetlands are classified according...

The hypothesis is that given a structured format, motivational scripts, examples and a format for compiling the data will propel the author to a marketing solution. "What are you doing this weekend to sell your book?" is the first in the series of non-fiction...

The Quick & Dirty Guide series is designed to be a quick, nitty gritty guide to help you make your way in the self-publishing world, based on my experience as an author-publisher. This volume goes through editing, ebook formatting, and print formatting, so you...

Nestling growth and development studies have been a topic of interest for a greater part of the last century (Sutton 1935, Walkinshaw 1948) and continue to be of interest today. This is not surprising since studies on nestling growth can provide a wealth of...

This Guide is intended to provide guidance to field biologists wishing to analyze data collected onterrestrial bird populations, as part of an avianpopulation monitoring program. A second objectiveis to provide information that will help biologists design such programs. The audience is similar to that...

This Act authorized the purchase of wetlands from Land and Water Conservation Fund moneys, remov-ing a prior prohibition on such acquisitions. The Act also requires the Secretary to establish a National Wetlands Priority Conservation Plan, requires the States to include wetlands in their Comprehensive...

The process of setting waterfowl hunting regulations is conducted annually in the United States. This process involves a number of meetings where the status of waterfowl is reviewed by the agencies responsible for setting hunting regulations. In addition, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service...

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service established the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) in the mid-1970s to map the nation's wetlands and deepwater habitats. Since then, the NWI has completed at least one phase of mapping for all northeastern states, except New York where roughly...

For over half a century the Fish and Wildlife Service has been monitoring wetland trends of the nation. In 1956, the first report on wetland status and classification provided indications that wetland habitat for migratory waterfowl had experienced substantial declines (Shaw and Fredine 1956).Over...

Zebra mussels are prolific alien invaders that have rapidly becomeestablished in waters of the eastern United States and Canada. Thesenatives of the Black, Caspian, Azov and Aral Sea drainage basins were firstdiscovered in Lake St. Clair near Detroit, Michigan, in 1988. By 1991, theyhad...

This Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP) will guide the management of the San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) for the next 15 years. The San Joaquin River NWR is one of over 500 refuges that comprise the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wildlife...

JAIBG funds may be used to develop programs in any of 12 program purpose areas established by Congress. The first of these areas-"building, expanding, renovating, or operating temporary orpermanent juvenile correction or detentionfacilities, including training of correctionalpersonnel"-addresses construction, operation, and training. Before beginning construction,...

The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (RPA) mandates a periodic assessment of the conditions and trends of the Nation's renewable resources on forests and rangelands. The RPA Assessment includes projections of resource conditions and trends 50 years into the future....

Rothermel's surface fire spread model was developed to use a value for the wind speed that affects surface fire, called midflame wind speed. Models have been developed to adjust 20-ft wind speed to midflame wind speed for sheltered and unsheltered surface fuel. In this...

In 1960, the USDA Forest Service established the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory (now the Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory) to find scientific solutions for better managing the nation's wildland resources and to research ways to improve forest fire prevention and suppression. This new state-of-the-art research...