Technology & Engineering - General

This reprint focuses on interdisciplinary research that reveals the problems of resource provision of the economy, both from the perspective of local projects and from the point of view of the creation of global infrastructure that contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals....

The second volume of the book contains the manuscripts that were accepted for publication in the MDPI Special Topic "Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure" after a rigorous peer-review process. Authors from academia, government and industry contributed their innovative solutions, consistent with the interdisciplinary nature...

Functional nutrition is deeply connected with healthy lifestyle and sustainable food production, due to its positive health benefits and the use of economically underexplored and natural raw materials. Expectedly, it appeals to large number of interested consumers while becoming lucrative segment of the food...

The aim of this reprint was to report recent innovative studies based on the use of secondary raw materials for applications in civil and environmental engineering. To this purpose, papers were related to the preparation of innovative construction materials and to the treatment of...

The raw materials industry is widely considered to be too environmentally costly, and causing more losses than benefits. The responsible solving of the problems caused by this industry is not "exporting" its operations to less developed countries, but addressing all recognized hazards with dedicated...

Patient outcomes remain poor for many cancers despite improvements in treatments and new molecular-targeted biomedicines for certain cancer types or subtypes. Dose-limiting toxicity, a narrow therapeutic index, and the development of resistance to traditional anti-cancer agents are well-established. It is apparent that inherent and...

This book focuses on both fundamental and applied research on nanogenerators. The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is based on expanded Maxwell's equations for a mechano-driven system, including the polarization density term Ps in a displacement vector owing to the electrostatic charges on medium surfaces as...

Novel Specialty Optical Fibers and Applications focuses on the latest developments in specialty fiber technology and its applications. The aim of this reprint is to provide an overview of specialty optical fibers in terms of their technological developments and applications. Contributions include: 1. Specialty...

Research on machine fault diagnosis (MFD) methods is receiving significant attention in academia and industry due to the importance of identifying underlying causes of machine faults. The overall objective of MFD methods is to develop an effective diagnosis procedure. Recent methodological advances permit compressive...

Agriculture, as a production-oriented sector, entails energy as a substantial input by which global food security is ensured. Agricultural systems require energy for farm machinery and equipment; lighting; heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC); food processing and preservation; fertilizer and chemical production; and water/wastewater treatment/application....

This book provides an international forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest developments in structural-steel research and its applications. The topics of this book include the modelling, testing and practice of steel structures and steel-based composite structures. A total of 17 high-quality,...

This book contains the manuscripts that were accepted for publication in the MDPI Special Topic "Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure" after a rigorous peer-review process. Authors from academia, government and industry contributed their innovative solutions, consistent with the interdisciplinary nature of cybersecurity. The book...

Engineering problems are one of the main focuses of data science, and there is no doubt that engineering is now quickly growing in all sciences and fields. Many problems in this domain need to be examined and analyzed by massive and varied methods to...

Photonics has had a decisive influence on recent scientific and technological achievements. It includes aspects of photon generation and photon-matter interaction. Although it finds many applications in the whole optical range of the wavelengths, most solutions operate in the visible and infrared range. Since...

Nowadays, the impact of nanotechnology on applications in medicine and biomedical sciences has broader societal and economic effects, enhancing awareness of the business, regulatory, and administrative aspects of medical applications. The selected papers included in the present Special Issue gives readers a critical, balanced...

The book focuses on a novel application of Intelligent Systems for supporting the operation and maintenance of power systems or other technical facilities within wind farms. Indicating a different perception of the reliability of wind farm facilities led to the possibility of extending the...

The performance-based design of structures in fire is gaining growing interest as a rational alternative to the traditionally adopted prescriptive code approach. This interest has led to its introduction in different codes and standards around the world. Although engineers widely use performance-based methods to...

Modern cities are facing the challenge of combining competitiveness at the global city scale and sustainable urban development to become smart cities. A smart city is a high-tech, intensive and advanced city that connects people, information, and city elements using new technologies in order...

Data Science (DS) is gaining significant importance in the decision process due to a mix of various areas, including Computer Science, Machine Learning, Math and Statistics, domain/business knowledge, software development, and traditional research. In the business field, DS's application allows using scientific methods, processes,...

The climate changes that are becoming visible today are a challenge for the global research community. In this context, renewable energy sources, fuel cell systems and other energy generating sources must be optimally combined and connected to the grid system using advanced energy transaction...

The world population is expected to reach almost 10,000 million in 2050, so, it is necessary to use our resources efficiently: to produce more food using less land and pollute less, to optimize the production and use of biomass from diversified resources. For this,...

It has been confirmed that the number of cases and the death toll of COVID-19 are continuing to rise in many countries around the globe. Governments around the world have been struggling with containing and reducing the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19; however, their respective...

The collection of articles discussed above covers various types of discharges and various processes. The discharges presented include, for example, microwave, spark, glow or surface discharges. The characterizations of the sources of these discharges, the parameters of the generated plasmas as well as the...

This book contributes to the conceptual and practical knowledge pools in order to improve the research and practice on smart and sustainable urban development by presenting an informed understanding of the subject to scholars, policymakers, and practitioners. This book presents contributions-in the form of...

Over the last few decades, nanotechnology has gained huge interest due to its extensive application in various fields including catalysis, electronics, optics, energy, and environment. The design and controlled synthesis of advanced nanomaterials with unique properties make them highly attractive in these fields.Nanomaterials can...

These proceedings represent the scientific outcome of the 13th EFITA International Conference held on May 2021, which was organized by the European Federation for Information Technology in Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (EFITA). EFITA, for more than 20 years, has presented and disseminated cutting-edge...

This volume collects the papers published on the special issue"Kinematics and Robot Design IV, KaRD2021"(https: //www.mdpi.com/journal/robotics/special_issues/KaRD2021), which is the forth edition of the KaRD special-issue series, hosted by the open-access journal "MDPI Robotics".KaRD series is an open environment where researchers can present their works...

This book examines the state-of-the-art water and wastewater treatment methods that can be applied to develop a sustainable treatment technique in the future. Of the several high-quality articles submitted, twelve were published after the peer-review process, with an acceptance rate of 59 percent.In the...

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered phytoremediation ecotechnologies. Herein, the two main biotic components, namely, plants and the bacterial community, work synergistically to remove a wide range of pollutants from wastewater. CWs have been used as sole treatment systems or as integrated modules within other...

The notion of smart and sustainable cities offers an integrated and holistic approach to urbanism by aiming to achieve the long-term goals of urban sustainability and resilience. In essence, a smart and sustainable city is an urban locality that functions as a robust system...

Meat and meat products are in demand worldwide. However, new trends and innovations, driven by consumer interests and demands, have contributed to the development of healthier meat products, which are growing exponentially. Health is one of the main criteria for consumers when choosing the...

As an important tool of systems biology, proteomics has enabled a deep understanding of different plant processes and functions. Complemented with genomic data, computational tools, and improved sample preparation strategies, proteomics has an unprecedented opportunity to characterize plant proteoforms in high spatial and temporal...

Globally, record weather temperatures and changing climatic patterns, attributed partly to energy use and related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, indicate that the issue of global warming cannot be marginalized. In most countries buildings account for a significant share of the total final energy consumed...

Molecular simulations are commonly used in physics, chemistry, biology, material science, engineering, and even medicine. This book provides a wide range of molecular simulation methods and their applications in various fields. It reflects the power of molecular simulation as an effective research tool. We...

This Special Issue addresses a topic of great relevance. In developed countries, there is a higher prevalence of people choosing to spend time indoors. Data show that the time a person spends at home ranges from 60% to 90% of the day, and 30%...

This Special Issue on 'Advances in Cereal Crops Breeding' comprises 10 papers covering a wide range of subjects, including the expression-level investigation of genes in terms of salinity stress adaptations and their relationships with proteomics in rice, the use of genetic analysis to assess...

This book proposes a list of contributions in the field of control of power electronics converters for different topologies: DC-DC, DC-AC and AC-DC. It particularly focuses on the use of different advanced control techniques with the aim of improving the performances, flexibility and efficiency...

This Special Issue book includes one review and eleven research articles. This review presents the results of studies on the noble metal forms in pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and greenockite and summarizes the distribution and speciations of noble metals in base metal sulfides of...

Pharmaceuticals represent an especially worrying class of micropollutants because they are biologically active. Thus, their occurrence in aquatic environments may cause undesirable effects in living organisms and, if present in water sources for human consumption, may constitute a public health issue. However, wastewater treatment...

This book, entitled "The Green Energy Technology", covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices, as well as energy services, based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. The recent trends underline the principles of a circular economy such as sustainable product design, extending...

Cellulose empowers measurement science and technology with a simple, low-cost, and highly transformative analytical platform. This book helps the reader to understand and build an overview of the state of the art in cellulose-based (bio)sensing, particularly in terms of the design, fabrication, and advantageous...

Ocean Structures subjected to actions of ocean waves require safety inspection as they protect human environment and everyday lives. Increasing uses of ocean environment have brought active research activities continuously. The newly developed technology of ocean energy even pushed the related needs forward one...

This Special Issue presents a range of recent technologies and innovations to help the agricultural and food industry to manage and minimize postharvest losses, enhance reliability and sustainability, and generate high-quality products that are both healthy and appealing to consumers. It focuses on three...

In the first contribution, Morbiducci and co-workers discuss the theoretical and methodological bases supporting the Lagrangian- and Euler-based methods, highlighting their application to cardiovascular flows. The second contribution, by the Ansón and van Lenthe groups, proposes an automated virtual bench test for evaluating the...

The present Special Issue, "Novel Nanocomposites: Optical, Electrical, Mechanical and Surface Related Properties", presents a collection of eight original, high-quality research papers covering a broad range of subjects, from nanocomposite synthesis/fabrication to the design and characterization of various nanocomposites materials with enhanced optical, electrical,...

In this Special Issue on "Human Health Engineering Volume II", we invited submissions exploring recent contributions to the field of human health engineering, i.e., technology for monitoring the physical or mental health status of individuals in a variety of applications. Contributions could focus on...

The Life cycle cost (LCC) method makes it possible for the whole life performance of buildings and other structures to be optimized. The introduction of the idea of thinking in terms of a building life cycle resulted in the need to use appropriate tools...

The design of new alloys or metal-based composites as well as the optimization of any of the processes involved in high-temperature deformation must take into account the characterization and/or modeling of the high-temperature mechanical responses of the material. This is not a new concept....

The phenomenon of soil-structure interactions in marine environments has attracted great attention from coastal geotechnical engineers in recent years. One of the reasons for the growing interest is the rapid development of marine resources (such as in the oil and gas industry, marine renewable...

This book presents fourteen state-of-the-art research papers prepared by research scientists and engineers around the world. They explore the subject of scour related to bridge piers, monopiles, propellers, turbines, weirs, dams, grade-control structures, and pipelines. Their works are based on three different research methodologies,...