Technology & Engineering - General

Solid waste landfills serve as municipal waste containment facilities. Presently, landfills are required to accommodate as much volume of waste as possible while isolating the waste from surrounding air, soil and ground water. With the intention to provide sufficient space for the increasing waste...

One of the critical factors in preventing failures of structures that consist geosynthetics is the use of appropriately characterized geosynthetic interface shear friction in the theoretical design of the structure. The interface shear friction parameters such as the frictional angle and adhesion must, therefore,...

"Building Apartheid's Legacy: Black Businesses in South Africa's Construction Sector" tackles the complex history and current realities of Black-owned businesses in South Africa's construction industry. It delves into the legacy of apartheid, which systematically excluded Black South Africans from economic opportunities in construction. The...

Radar isn't just about seeing through fog. This versatile technology acts as a guardian angel in many aspects of our lives. Imagine ships navigating treacherous waters with pinpoint accuracy - that's radar guiding them home. In the air, planes rely on radar for safe...

"From Daladala to DART: Transforming Dar es Salaam's Public Transport" chronicles the exciting evolution of Dar es Salaam's transportation system. It dives into the history of the iconic daladala minibuses, acknowledging their role in connecting the city but also highlighting their limitations - congestion,...

Slender canopy walkways, often hailed as marvels of engineering, have become a ubiquitous feature in parks, tourist destinations, and even urban environments. These elegant structures elevate pedestrians, offering breathtaking views and a unique perspective on the surrounding landscape. However, their inherent design - lightweight...

The demand for water, an already strained resource in many countries and areas, is increasing, while cities are continuing to expand and populations are continuing to grow. Urbanisation, population growth, migration and industrialisation are all contributing to this ever increasing need for water (United...

"The Lighter Side of Rail: A Guide to Open Deck Bridges" takes you on a journey through the fascinating world of open deck bridges. Unlike solid-bottomed bridges, open deck bridges offer a unique perspective with their exposed track bed. This book sheds light on...

Pipeline pressure surges, those sudden spikes, can wreak havoc. But fear not, engineers have tools to control this beast. One approach is designing the system itself. Using larger diameter pipes allows fluid to flow at a slower pace, reducing pressure buildup. Additionally, strategically placed...

Diesel engines power our world, but for a cleaner future, we need to look beyond the fuel spray itself. The hidden battleground lies in the interaction between the spray and the engine walls. Here, the fuel's fate is sealed - efficient combustion for power,...

Imagine a building's first line of defense against explosions - not just the windows themselves, but the anchors that hold them firm. Blast-resistant window anchors are specially designed to withstand the immense pressure and debris of an explosion. Unlike regular anchors, they ensure the...

Forget bulky beige braces! 3D printing is transforming Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFOs) from purely functional to fashion-forward. Imagine AFOs custom-designed to match your style, with vibrant colors, intricate patterns, or even your favorite team logo. This isn't just about aesthetics. 3D printing allows for a...

The realm of electronics is on the cusp of a revolution, spearheaded by a groundbreaking class of materials: MXenes. These 2D wonders, discovered just over a decade ago, possess a unique blend of properties that hold immense potential. Their atomically thin structure translates to...

Radio frequency (RF) interference is a persistent foe, corrupting data and disrupting communication. Traditional methods fight a blunt battle, but a new weapon is emerging: the adaptive wavelet system. This innovative approach takes signal rescue to the next level. Unlike static filters, adaptive wavelet...

"Electric Dreams" confronts the hype surrounding electric vehicles (EVs) as the sole solution to sustainable transportation. While acknowledging their potential, the book offers a reality check. It delves into critical issues like battery production's environmental impact and the strain increased electricity demand places on...

The future of concrete isn't just about strength, it's about resilience. While concrete has long been the foundation of our infrastructure, its vulnerability to deterioration is a growing concern. From cracks caused by water ingress to corrosion from harsh environments, concrete structures face a...

Spain's sunshine-kissed citrus groves hold a secret weapon: water-saving irrigation. Traditional methods wasted precious water, but a shift to drip irrigation has been a game-changer. This targeted approach delivers water directly to thirsty citrus roots, minimizing evaporation and maximizing efficiency. The impact is dramatic...

The Vernier permanent magnet (PM) machine is emerging as a game-changer in wind power. Unlike conventional turbines with bulky gearboxes, Vernier PM machines utilize a unique magnet arrangement to generate high torque directly, eliminating the need for gears. This translates to several advantages: -...

The ocean's energy is vast and untapped. Imagine harnessing the power of crashing waves, surging tides, and relentless currents to generate clean electricity. That's the promise of marine renewables. These innovative technologies capture the ocean's movement, transforming it into a reliable source of power....

Global Magmatic Oxides: Diverse & Puzzling Deep beneath our feet, molten rock churns and boils. As this magma cools and crystallizes, it forms the building blocks of our planet - igneous rocks. But within this fiery brew lies a mystery: magmatic oxides. These unique...

For decades, wind turbines have relied on gearboxes to translate slow rotor speeds into the high speeds needed for electricity generation. But these gearboxes come with drawbacks: maintenance costs, weight, and efficiency losses. Enter the Vernier permanent magnet (PM) machine, a revolutionary design that...

Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are crucial for those needing ankle support, but traditional designs are often bulky and lack personalization. This project explores 3D printing to revolutionize AFOs. By leveraging this additive manufacturing (ADM) technique, we aim to create AFOs that are both functional and...

Imagine a world where humanity has transcended the limitations of flesh and metal. Dive into "Ocean Cyborgs: Deep Ethnography," an exploration of a future where humans have merged with technology, venturing into the ocean's abyss not as visitors, but as inhabitants. This deep ethnography...

Infrastructure projects are the backbone of a thriving society, but cost overruns are a persistent headache. Uncertainty surrounding factors like material availability, labor costs, and unforeseen ground conditions can lead to significant budget shortfalls. This article explores strategies to reduce this uncertainty and improve...

Smart Moves: Choosing the Best Routes In today's fast-paced world, navigating from point A to point B efficiently is crucial. Whether it's your daily commute, a weekend road trip, or an important business meeting, choosing the best route can save you time, money, and...

Our buildings are like our skins - they shield us from the elements. But unlike our adaptable human bodies, traditional buildings can be energy guzzlers. The culprit? A poorly designed building envelope. The building envelope refers to everything that separates the conditioned space inside...

Clay Tech: Layered Silicates Boost Polymers The world of materials science is constantly evolving, and one exciting area of development involves the marriage of classic materials with cutting-edge technology. Clay Tech, a term encompassing the use of layered silicates to enhance polymers, exemplifies this...

Have you ever wondered how your car maintains a safe distance on the highway, or how traffic lights seem to magically adjust based on flow? The answer lies in radar sensors, a hidden technology quietly revolutionizing transportation. This book explores the fascinating world of...

Imagine a world where choices are made not on yesterday's data, but on the ever-flowing stream of information happening right now. This is the reality with Complex Event Processing (CEP). CEP analyzes real-time data like a fast-paced detective story, uncovering patterns and connections within...

From the blips and bleeps of early modems to the symphony of data flowing through today's internet, "Connecting With Sounds: A Network History" explores the fascinating story of how sound has shaped our digital world. This book takes you on a nostalgic journey, revisiting...

Imagine pipelines that transcend human limitations. No longer reliant on manual inspections, these arteries of our infrastructure utilize AI-powered drones for real-time monitoring. Self-healing materials automatically seal minor cracks, preventing catastrophic failures. Predictive analytics anticipate potential issues, allowing for preventative maintenance before problems arise....

China's economic rise is partly fueled by its strategic use of outsourcing combined with the unique concept of guanxi. Outsourcing allows China to leverage lower production costs abroad, while guanxi, a network of relationships built on reciprocity and trust, fosters smooth collaboration with foreign...

This book aims to perform an impartial analysis to evaluate the implications of the environmental costs and impacts of a wide range of technologies and energy strategies. This information is intended to be used to support decision-making by groups, including researchers, industry, regulators, and...

The concept of sustainability has been intensively used over the last decades since Brundtland s report was published in 1987. This concept, due to its transversal, horizontal and interdisciplinary nature, can be used in many disciplines, scenarios, spatio-temporal dimensions and different circumstances. The intensive...

Microelectrode arrays are increasingly used in a wide variety of situations in the medical device sector. For example, one major challenge in microfluidic devices is the manipulation of fluids and droplets effectively at such scales. Due to the laminar flow regime (i.e., low Reynolds...

The success of any activity and process depends fundamentally on the possibility of balancing (symmetry) needs and their satisfaction. That is, the ability to properly define a set of success indicators. The application of the developed new multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods can be eliminated...

This Special Issue highlights the latest enhancements in the abatement of noise and vibrations in aerospace and automotive systems. The reduction of acoustic emissions and the improvement of interior cabin comfort desired by all major transportation industries, as these areas have a direct impact...

In the modern world, the competitiveness of bioenergy- and/or bioresources-related activities heavily depends on the effectiveness of supply chain management. A large number of multidisciplinary topics are involved in the bioresources and bioenergy production fields. Although the technical issues that are related with the...

Concerns relating to energy supply and climate change have driven renewable energy targets around the world. Marine renewable energy could make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the consequences of climate change, while providing a high-technology industry. The conversion of...

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions-particularly from fossil fuel-powered vehicles and airplanes by means of weight savings and leaner fuel consumption, helps to restrain environmental impacts. In general, for a variety of industries, and specifically in the case of transport, where both weight savings...

This Special Issue "Sustainable Designed Pavement Materials" has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of environmentally-friendly designed pavement materials. For this reason, articles included in this special issue relate to different aspects of pavement materials, from...

Renewable energy is electricity generated by fuel sources that restore themselves over a short period of time and do not diminish. Although some renewable energy technologies impact the environment, renewables are considered environmentally preferable to conventional sources and, when replacing fossil fuels, have significant...

This multidisciplinary book covers a wide range of topics addressing critical challenges for advancing the understanding and management of shale oil and shale gas resources. Both fundamental and practical issues are considered. By covering a variety of technical topics, we aim to contribute to...

Graph theory is an important area of applied mathematics with a broad spectrum of applications in many fields. This book results from aSpecialIssue in the journal Mathematics entitled "Graph-Theoretic Problems and Their New Applications". It contains 20 articles covering a broad spectrum of graph-theoretic...

The V International Conference la ValSe-Food and VIII Symposium Chia-Link: Feeding Biodiversity and Mitigating the Effects of Climate Change: the Role of Ancestral Crops in Creating Healthy Food, was organized by the International la ValSe-Food (Iberoamerican Valuable Seeds) Network-CYTED. The conference was held from...

The maritime shipping sector toward intelligent and safe navigation is intrinsically tied to the integration of cutting-edge technologies (i.e., AI and big data). These technologies are being harnessed across multiple facets of the maritime domain. It is evident that these methodologies have the potential...

Nowadays, multi-UAV systems reveal great potential value in applications such as surveillance, disaster rescue, mapping, cargo delivery, etc. Through coordination among multiple or even a swarm of UAVs, multi-UAV systems can improve mission capability, survivability, and flexibility. Regarding the key technologies, multi-UAV networks are...

This Special Issue presents a collection of recent advancements in sediment transport research and hydraulic engineering that contribute to filling the knowledge gap in morphodynamic processes at different scales, with an outlook towards innovative river engineering approaches, monitoring systems, available technologies, and management practices...

"Advances in the Experimentation and Numerical Modeling of Material Joining Processes" is an innovative compilation offering a comprehensive exploration of the latest developments in material-joining techniques. With 22 chapters, this MDPI scientific reprint addresses adhesive bonding, welding, friction stir welding, hybrid joining, and miscellaneous...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been gaining traction in smart agriculture. Machine learning (ML) can be used for environmental and production performance data analysis and prediction, and computer vision (CV) can monitor abnormal phenotypes in plants and animals. They have massive potential to enhance the...