From Port Salines to Panama City: The Evolution of Command and Control in Contingency Operations (Paperback) (ISBN-13: 9781288251261)

This monograph examines the evolution of command and control (C2) in contingency operations with respect to the implementation of the Goldwater-Nichols DoD Reorganization Act of 1986. This piece of legislation encompassed a broad set of reforms, to include reorganization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), joint officer education, and joint doctrine among others. However, the overarching intent of the bill was to improve the effectiveness of joint operations, with particular emphasis on the functions of C2. The purpose of this monograph, then, is to determine the extent of the impact of Goldwater-Nichols on C2 of contingency operations. By way of addressing this issue, this monograph will examine two historical case studies of U.S. contingency operations that span the implementation of Goldwater-Nichols; Operations Urgent Fury and Just Cause. Recognizing that significant dissimilarities exist between the two actions, they nevertheless provide a point of departure for analyzing operational level C2 from the perspective of "before and after." Before examining these case studies, however, this monograph will first discuss the issue of C2 to arrive at a definition that can be used as a standard to measure its relative effectiveness in each respective operation. The definition will underscore the fact that command and control are separate, but interdependent functions. Operation Urgent Fury is then analyzed at the operational level, although a certain amount of the tactical chronology is necessary to provide continuity. Following the Urgent Fury case study, the monograph traces the origins and development of the Goldwater-Nichols DoD Reorganization Act of 1986. The issue of interservice parochialism is addressed in terms of how it affects joint operations, and what measures were implemented to offset these barriers to joint interoperability. A case study of Operation Just Cause is then examined, which details the planning considerations at the operational level. This mo

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