Pakistani Naswar - The Cheapest Risk Factor for Cancer (Paperback) (ISBN-13: 9783847324485)

Naswar is a Smokeless Tobacco Product (STP) widely used in Pakistan. It has been correlated with oral and esophageal cancer in recent clinical studies. The toxic effects associated with S.T.P have been associated with trace level contaminants present in these products. That is why toxin level of Pakistani Naswar is reported for the first time in this study. Thirty Pakistani brands of Naswar were tested for a variety of toxic constituents and carcinogens such as cadmium, arsenic, lead and other carcinogenic metals; nitrite and nitrate; and nicotine and pH. The average values of all the toxins studied were well above their allowable limits, making the product a health risk for its consumers. Calculated life time cancer risk is well above the minimum 'target range' for potentially hazardous substances.This study shows that the production, packaging, sale and consumption of Naswar should be regulated, and the general public be made aware of its harmful effects, so that to protect them from the health hazards associated with its consumption.

Author: Zaki Ullah, Muhammad Saeed
ISBN-10: 3847324489
ISBN-13: 9783847324485
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Language: English
Published: 12/22/2011
Pages: 140
Format: Paperback
Weight: 0.47lbs
Size: 9.00h x 6.00w x 0.33d