RNA Interference, Editing, and Modification: Methods and Protocols (Paperback) (ISBN-13: 9781617374456)

Two of the more fascinating biological phenomena that have been d- covered in recent years are RNA editing and RNA interference. Each of these processes has been found in a cross-section of biological systems, including mammals, viruses, plants, and a range of model organisms (C. elegans, Dro- phila, and various lower eukaryotes). RNA editing, which results in an RNA product different from that predicted by the genome, occurs through a variety of mechanisms. Alterations can occur at either the base level, in which one base is changed to another (substitutional editing/base modification), or via the addition and/or deletion of nucleotides relative to the original template (insertion/deletion editing). RNA interference (RNAi) involves the specific degradation of targeted mRNAs. Although RNA interference, editing, and modification use different enzymes and mechanisms, the targets of each of these reactions are often specified by RNA molecules. Indeed, the discovery of guide RNAs (gRNAs) that direct nucleotide insertion and deletion in trypa- some mitochondria set the precedent for subsequent discoveries of the small nuclear RNAs (snoRNAs) that target pseudouridylylation and methylation of stable RNAs and the small double-stranded RNA fragments (siRNAs) that mediate RNAi. Other small RNAs are known to mediate translational regu- tion during development (small temporal RNAs stRNAs]) and mRNA stab- ity (microRNAs miRNAs]), and the recent identification of more than a hundred small "noncoding" RNAs has led to the realization that they may represent only the proverbial "tip of the iceberg.

Author: Jonatha M. Gott
ISBN-10: 1617374458
ISBN-13: 9781617374456
Publisher: Humana
Language: English
Published: 11/10/2010
Pages: 436
Format: Paperback
Weight: 1.45lbs
Size: 9.00h x 6.00w x 1.01d