Suicidal Honor: General Nogi and the Writings of Mori Ogai and Natsume Soseki (Hardcover) (ISBN-13: 9780824829988)

On September 13, 1912, the day of Emperor Meiji's funeral, General Nogi Maresuke committed ritual suicide by seppuku (disembowelment). It was an act of delayed atonement that paid a debt of honor incurred thirty-five years earlier. The revered military hero's wife joined in his act of junshi ("following one's lord into death"). The violence of their double suicide shocked the nation. What had impelled the general and his wife, on the threshold of a new era, to resort so drastically, so dramatically, to this forbidden, anachronistic practice? The nation was divided. There were those who saw the suicides as a heroic affirmation of the samurai code; others found them a cause for embarrassment, a sign that Japan had not yet crossed the cultural line separating tradition from modernity.

While acknowledging the nation's sharply divided reaction to the Nogis' junshi as a useful indicator of the event's seismic impact on Japanese culture, Doris G. Bargen in the first half of her book demonstrates that the deeper significance of Nogi's action must be sought in his personal history, enmeshed as it was in the tumultuous politics of the Meiji period. Suicidal Honor traces Nogi's military career (and personal travail) through the armed struggles of the collapsing shunate and through the two wars of imperial conquest during which Nogi played a significant role: the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). It also probes beneath the political to explore the religious origins of ritual self-sacrifice in cultures as different as ancient Rome and today's Nigeria. Seen in this context, Nogi's death was homage to the divine emperor. But what was the significance of Nogi's waiting thirty-five years before he offered himself as a human sacrifice to a dead rather than living deity? To answer this question, Bargen delves deeply and with great insight into the story of Nogi's conflicted career as a military hero who longed to be a peaceful man of letters.

In the second half of Suicidal Honor Bargen turns to the extraordinary influence of the Nogis' deaths on two of Japan's greatest writers, Mori ﾔgai and Natsume Seki. ﾔgai's historical fiction, written in the immediate aftermath of his friend's junshi, is a profound meditation on the significance of ritual suicide in a time of historical transition. Stories such as "The Sakai Incident" ("Sakai jiken") appear in a new light and with greatly enhanced resonance in Bargen's interpretation. In Seki's masterpiece, Kokoro, Sensei, the protagonist, refers to the emperor's death and his general's junshi before taking his own life. Scholars routinely mention these references, but Bargen demonstrates convincingly the uncanny ways in which Seki's agonized response to Nogi's suicide structures the entire novel. By exploring the historical and literary legacies of Nogi, ﾔgai, and Seki from an interdisciplinary perspective, Suicidal Honor illuminates Japan's prolonged and painful transition from the idealized heroic world of samurai culture to the mundane anxieties of modernity. It is a study that will fascinate specialists in the fields of Japanese literature, history, and religion, and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of Japan's warrior culture.

Author: Doris G. Bargen
ISBN-10: 0824829980
ISBN-13: 9780824829988
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
Language: English
Published: 09/30/2006
Pages: 304
Format: Hardcover
Weight: 1.40lbs
Size: 9.00h x 6.40w x 1.10d

Review Citation(s):
Reference and Research Bk News 02/01/2007 pg. 61