Technology & Engineering - General

What we call the "color" of an object is the result of a very complicated and not yet fully understood mechanism that involves the interaction between the light reflected by the object surface and the eyes, and the subsequent analysis of the retinal signal...

The introduction of "smart machines" for agricultural operations will allow several advantages, such as an increase in their efficiencies, a reduction in environmental impacts and a reduction of work injuries. There are partially- and fully-automatic devices for most aspects of agricultural functions, from seeding...

This special issue collects selected papers about a wide range of innovative applications in earthquake engineering. These studies were presented during the 2nd Edition of the International Workshop "Traditional and Innovative Approaches in Seismic Engineering", held in Pisa in March 2017. The topics refer...

This book contains the successful submissions to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of "Engineering Fluid Dynamics". The topic of engineering fluid dynamics includes both experimental as well as computational studies. Of special interest were submissions from the fields of mechanical,...

Since the concept of micro total analysis systems ( -TAS) has been advocated, various kinds of micro/nano devices have been developed by researchers in many fields, such as in chemistry, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electric engineering, biology, and medicine, among others. The analytical techniques...

Optofluidics combines and integrates optics and fluidics to produce versatile systems that are achievable only with difficulty through either field alone. With the spatial and temporal control of the microfluids, the optical properties can be varied, providing highly flexible, tunable, and reconfigurable optical systems....

Each year, extreme floods, which appear to be occurring more frequently in recent years (owing to climate change), lead to enormous economic damage and human suffering around the world. It is therefore imperative to be able to accurately predict both the occurrence time and...

The perception of wine flavour and aroma is the result of several interactions between a large number of chemical compounds and sensory receptors. Compounds show synergistic (one compound enhances the perception of another) and antagonistic (one compound suppresses the perception of another) interactions. The...

Integrated electronic circuits have influenced our society over the past decades and have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. To maintain this development and ensure benefits for decades to come, continuous further development of electronic chips is necessary. These developments include improving...

Developing new materials is usually a time-demanding and meticulous process, but at the same time, it is one of the more promising solutions to obtain a cleaner, safer, and smart future. More in detail, referring to nanomaterials, an increasingly successfully tool of nanotechnologies, nanoparticles...

The use of ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) has accelerated over the past two decades in a wide variety of industrial processes (electrodialysis, electro-electrodialysis, electrolysis, dialysis, etc.) for applications related to chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries, energy production, water treatments, etc. Organic and mineral fouling (or...

Climate change has been widely recognised as a major challenge to the world, with significant environmental, economic and social consequences. Given this, addressing climate change is an urgent and profound task of society, a complex and difficult mission of several generations. To address the...

This book looks at the increasing demand for energy of contemporary societies and economies from around the world. Energy is the driving force behind development. As such, the future challenge will be not only to meet the rising demand but also to implement less...

Our world is facing many challenges, such as poverty, hunger, resource shortage, environmental degradation, climate change, and increased inequalities and conflicts. To address such challenges, the United Nations proposed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), consisting of 17 interlinked global goals, as the strategic blueprint...

Food packaging and shelf life have been the subject of remarkable research in recent years. They are so important because only by understanding a good storage system is it possible to avoid any food waste. Moreover, the best packaging has to prolong the food...

When it comes to dealing with high voltages or issues of high electric currents, infrastructure security and people's safety are of paramount importance. These kinds of phenomena have dangerous consequences, therefore studies concerning the effects of lightning are crucial. The normal operation of transmission...

This Special Issue is a collection of the latest research articles on various topics related to wind turbine aerodynamics, which includes wind turbine design concepts, tip loss correction study, wind turbine acoustics modelling, and the vertical axis wind turbine concept.Author: Wen Zhong ShenISBN-10: 303652472XISBN-13:...

The focus of this Special Issue is the analysis of the role played by sacrifice in complex secular and modern societies, in which, the concept of 'emotional self-restriction' (Freud, 201; Elias, 2009), as a keystone of civilization, has collapsed. Today, the old idea of...

A total of 30 articles have been published in this special issue, and it consists of 27 research papers, 2 technical notes, and 1 review paper. A total of 104 authors from 9 countries including Korea, Spain, Taiwan, USA, Finland, China, Slovenia, the Netherlands,...

Sediment, which collects in rivers and seas to secure a large amount of aggregate, reduces the supply of earth and sand to coasts. Dams and breakwaters constructed in various places also impede the transportation of earth and sand. Furthermore, the maintenance dredging of dam...

Energy systems are transiting from conventional energy systems to modernized and smart energy systems. This Special Issue covers new advances in the emerging technologies for modern energy systems from both technical and management perspectives. In modern energy systems, an integrated and systematic view of...

2D nanomaterials are a relatively populous and ever-expanding class of innovative materials with disruptive potential for different application contexts. Although for some of them, such as graphene, various possible implementations have already been explored in different application fields, others, (e.g., Mxenes), are still relatively...

Owing to their unique characteristics, direct wide bandgap energy, large breakdown field, and excellent electron transport properties, including operation at high temperature environments and low sensitivity to ionizing radiation, gallium nitride (GaN) and related group III-nitride heterostructures proved to be enabling materials for advanced...

Microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip have, in recent years, come to the forefront in diagnostics and detection. At point-of-care, in the emergency room, and at the hospital bed or GP clinic, lab-on-a-chip offers the potential to rapidly detect time-critical and life-threatening diseases such as sepsis and...

Emerging Trends in Beverage Processing describes several non-thermal emerging technologies and biotechnologies. The use of non-thermal technologies represnts the future of food processing because due to the ability of such technologies to increase the shelf life, preserving nutritional and sensory quality. This book considers...

Construction is one of the main sectors that generates greenhouse gases. This industry consumes large amounts of raw materials, such as stone, timber, water, etc. Additionally, infrastructure should provide service over many years without safety problems. Therefore, their correct design, construction, maintenance, and dismantling...

This book offers an extensive assessment of the nature and feasibility of the metaverse and is the first to critically examine its social and ethical implications. The metaverse is, in essence, an envisioned future merger of virtual and augmented reality (VR and AR) and...

This open access book explores supply chains strategies to help companies face challenges such as societal emergency, digitalization, climate changes and scarcity of resources. The book identifies industrial scenarios for the next decade based on the analysis of trends at social, economic, environmental technological...

This book explores the innovative use of ligno-cellulose, a plant-based material, as both livestock feed and a renewable source of bioenergy. Drawing on research from the 1970s and recent breakthroughs in enzyme technology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), it reveals how agricultural byproducts-like food...

This book, in two volumes, has been produced for engineers and technicians in the electrical discipline who work, or wish to work, in the offshore oil and gas industry.Author: Michael J. DennisISBN-10: 1909593672ISBN-13: 9781909593671Publisher: New Generation PublishingLanguage: EnglishPublished: 02/28/2013Pages: 344Format: PaperbackWeight: 1.82lbsSize: 11.69h x...

Chance, Calculation and Life brings together 16 original papers from the colloquium of the same name, organized by the International Cultural Center of Cerisy in 2019. From mathematics to the humanities and biology, there are many concepts and questions related to chance. What are...

If there is one thing to be agreed upon, it is that the world will never be the same after the COVID-19 outbreak of 2020. History has shown that many great periods of innovation and change come as a result of significant, world-changing events...

The influence of greenhouse gases and particle pollution on our present and future climate has been widely examined and most recently reported in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. While both long-lived (e.g., carbon dioxide) and short-lived (e.g., soot) gases...

In an ever-increasing data rich environment, actionable information must be extracted, filtered, and correlated from massive amounts of disparate often free text sources. The usefulness of the retrieved information depends on how we accomplish these steps and present the most relevant information to the...

In this study, we analysed effect of the black hole in an AODV network. For this purpose, we implemented an AODV protocol that behaves as black hole in NS-2.35. We simulated 9 scenarios in this book on 6, 20 and 30 nodes. In every...

Fifteen years in the making, this meticulously researched book, provides startling ultra-technology challenges to real contenders. With full color illustrations and lively discussion, it gives specific Headstarts for achieving such advanced technology as Huge Transparent Domes, Three-Dimensional Software, the Magnetic Cell, Super-Medicine, Re-Growing Arms...

Various levels of law enforcement and related criminal justice agencies as well as identify management organizations procure equipment and systems intended to facilitate the determination of the personal identity of a subject from fingerprint palm, facial, or other biometric information.Author: U. S. Department of...

The investigation of the collapse of a five-sorry reinforced concrete flat-plate structure under construction at Cocoa Beach, Florida is present in this report.Author: U. S. Department of CommerceISBN-10: 1495303861ISBN-13: 9781495303869Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing PlatformLanguage: EnglishPublished: 01/31/2014Pages: 140Format: PaperbackWeight: 0.75lbsSize: 11.02h x 8.50w x 0.30d

In today's computing environment, there are many threats to home computers, including those running Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition. These threats are posed by people with many different motivations, including causing mischief and disruption, committing fraud, and performing identity theft. The most common threat...

The Field Parameters and EMC Applications Project of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has recently completed shielding effectiveness studies of three representative aircraft for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). These studies will be used to provide the FAA with the procedures...

This Technical Assistance Guide is designed to help Government contractors and subcontractors comply with the Federal laws and regulations that prohibit Government contractors from discriminating in employment and require that they undertake affirmative action to ensure equal employment opportunity in their workforces. It is...

Compaction, an artificial densification of soils, is a simple ground improvement technique, where the soil is densified through external compactive effort. It involves the application of mechanical energy to a soil to rearrange the particles and reduce the void ratio. It is a process...

The Modern CEO is a compilation of research, stories, strategies and sets forth a cutting-edge approach to sharing the message of innovative leadership through technology. This book provides an insiders prospective with insights from information technology practitioners, leadership experts, technology consultants, and more importantly...

A collection of short stories, based on factual experiences and knowledge of an aviation professional. The subject matter having a wide spectrum of operational diversification. Military and civil aviation share a common bond which equates to the preservation of those who put their trust...

Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.Author: E. Martin-Browne,Herbert AddisonISBN-10: 1447438833ISBN-13: 9781447438830Publisher:...

Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.Author: M. B. SleeperISBN-10: 1444618172ISBN-13: 9781444618174Publisher:...

A revised edition of the Handling Elevator Emergencies published by the NFPA in 1979. This book contains updated information for emergency responders for dealing with elevator operation and rescue procedures.Author: David H. CowardinISBN-10: 1438204485ISBN-13: 9781438204482Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing PlatformLanguage: EnglishPublished: 03/01/2008Pages: 148Format: PaperbackWeight: 0.43lbsSize:...

You will traverse from the Big Bang which created our Universe, proceed to the present and be given a peek into what is known of our planet's and Universe's future.Author: Deal TomISBN-10: 1412052440ISBN-13: 9781412052443Publisher: Trafford PublishingLanguage: EnglishPublished: 03/21/2007Pages: 408Format: PaperbackWeight: 2.01lbsSize: 11.00h x 8.25w...

This reference manual was prepared to assist electric utilities in helping homeowners, builders, and new home buyers to understand a broad range of issues related to indoor air quality. The manual is directed to technically knowledgeable persons employed by utility companies -the customer service...

This manual provides state-of-the-practice methods and techniques to assist the highway engineer in the planning, design, and construction monitoring of dynamic compaction to improve the load supporting capacity of weak foundation soils. Guidelines are presented for: completing a preliminary evaluation to determine if dynamic...